2025年11月8日 星期六

了解美國政治:"換句話說,共和黨的未來是雷根主義還是川普主義?恐怕答案很可能是川普主義。"( 2025年11月8日達蒙‧林克, 紐約時報特約文章 ) 雷根(或譯"里根")銅像現身倫敦2011;政績不輸給羅斯福;Ronald Reagan still divides people. 雷根,而非川普,才是共和黨真正的異類(Reagan, Not Trump, Is the Real G.O.P. Aberration ) Reagan By Max Boot 佳作 Did Ronald Reagan Pave the Way for Donald Trump? 。Nancy Reagan dies at age 94



Nonfiction

Did Ronald Reagan Pave the Way for Donald Trump?

In his new biography, Max Boot reckons with the president who was once his hero







Nancy and Ronald Reagan in 1964.Credit...Ronald Reagan Presidential Library

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Nonfiction

Did Ronald Reagan Pave the Way for Donald Trump?

In his new biography, Max Boot reckons with the president who was once his hero and another who led him away from the Republican Party.


Nancy and Ronald Reagan in 1964.Credit...Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
On this day in 1911, Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois. Reagan went on to fame as a Hollywood actor, and as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
“Reagan is described as 'delivering Barry Goldwater's doctrine with John F. Kennedy's technique'.”
― H.W. Brands, Reagan: The Life
In his new biography, H. W. Brands brilliantly establishes Ronald Reagan as one of the two great presidents of the twentieth century, a true peer to Franklin Roosevelt. Reagan conveys with sweep and vigor how the confident force of Reagan’s personality and the unwavering nature of his beliefs enabled him to engineer a conservative revolution in American politics and play a crucial role in ending communism in the Soviet Union. Reagan shut down the age of liberalism, Brands shows, and ushered in the age of Reagan, whose defining principles are still powerfully felt today. Reagan follows young Ronald Reagan as his ambition for ever larger stages compelled him to leave behind small-town Illinois to become first a radio announcer and then that quintessential public figure of modern America, a movie star. When his acting career stalled, his reinvention as the voice of The General Electric Theater on television made him an unlikely spokesman for corporate America. Then began Reagan’s improbable political ascension, starting in the 1960s, when he was first elected governor of California, and culminating in his election in 1980 as president of the United States. READ an excerpt here:http://knopfdoubleday.com/book/220029/reagan/
Image
The cover of “Reagan” shows a cutout of a black-and-white photograph of Ronald Reagan striding through toward the viewer. The cutout sits on an off-white background. His shadow can also be seen extending off the frame.

This elegant biography of the 40th president stands out for its deep authority and nimble style. Boot, a historian and foreign policy analyst, grew up idolizing Ronald Reagan, but after a decade of interviews and research, he finds himself asking whether his onetime hero paved the way for Donald Trump, the man whose ascent to power led Boot to abandon the right. The book is a landmark work that shows how Reagan emerged from his New Deal roots to become a practiced Red baiter and racist dog whistler before settling into the role of the optimistic all-American elder statesman. “It is no exaggeration,” Boot writes, “to say that you cannot fully comprehend what happened to America in the 20th century without first understanding what happened to Ronald Reagan.” Read our review.


自由是很脆弱的,也不過就是一代人的時間就可以使它徹底消失。自由不是理當代代相傳的,自由是每一代人都必須為之持續奮鬥、捍衛的。因為,自由只會給人一次機會。享受過自由又失去的人,會再也無法重溫自由。
Freedom is a fragile thing and is never more than one generation away from extinction. It is not our by inheritance, it must be fought for and defended constantly by each generation, for it comes only once to a people. Those who have known freedom and then lost it have never known it again.
(蔡英文總統今天演講裡引述的雷根總統名言,出自他1967年第一次當選加州州長的就職演說。)




Former US first lady Nancy Reagan dies at age 94http://u.afp.com/ZhK7

Nancy Reagan will perhaps be best remembered for her loyalty to her husband. She became fiercely protective of him after a 1981 assassination attempt, and stood by him as Alzheimer's disease overtook him. http://abcn.ws/1TXZSP4




【國際新聞】「沒有南西,就不會有雷根州長、更不會有雷根總統。」她是雷根在政途上最親密的夥伴和顧問,她個子嬌小,外表優雅,但個性頗強,且愛好華麗服飾,作風高調;她愛過問白宮事務,又深信占星術......





【圖輯】南西雷根逝世,享壽94歲—為什麼她是最具爭議性的美國第一夫人? - The News Lens 關鍵評論網

由 THENEWSLENS.COM 上傳






A new biography of Ronald Reagan by H.W. Brands argues that his achievements were comparable to those of Franklin D. Roosevelt http://econ.st/1dAiUIZ


The great storyteller’s story
Reagan: The Life. By H.W. Brands. Doubleday; 805 pages; $35. MORE than a decade after his death, Ronald Reagan still divides people. American conservatives revere...

ECON.ST






Ronald Reagan still divides people. American conservatives revere him as practically a demigod. He shrank the state, rescued the economy and won the cold war; all Republican candidates must pay homage. The left dismisses him as malign and moronic—a B-movie actor who floated into the White House on an updraft of phoney charm, a man who snoozed during meetings, blew up the deficit and propped up unsavoury third-world despots from Argentina to Zaire.http://econ.st/1DGIJvJ


The great storyteller’s story

Reagan: The Life. By H.W. Brands. Doubleday; 805 pages; $35. MORE than a decade after his death, Ronald Reagan still divides people. American conservatives revere...

ECON.ST



美國前總統里根銅像在倫敦揭幕
更新時間 2011年7月4日, 格林尼治標準時間13:33

里根銅像
羅納德·里根在1981到1989年間擔任美國總統
為紀念美國已故前總統里根(Ronald Reagan)誕辰百年,一尊10英尺高的里根銅像周一(7月4日)在倫敦揭幕。
英國外交大臣威廉·黑格(William Hague)和美國前國務卿賴斯女士(Condoleezza Rice)一道在美國駐倫敦大使館出席了揭幕儀式。
賴斯是代表已經去世的里根夫人南希·里根(Nancy Reagan)出席該儀式的,周一也是美國獨立紀念日。
這尊造價100百萬美元的里根銅像是為期一年的紀念里根誕辰100週年活動的一部分。組織者是羅納德·里根總統基金。
在倫敦的里根銅像揭幕之前,波蘭城市克拉科夫、匈牙利首都布達佩斯和捷克首都布拉格也分別舉行了里根銅像揭幕儀式。

政治遺產

里根總統基金會稱,這些活動是「保護和促進里根總統政治遺產的一部分努力」。
羅納德·里根在1981年到1989年間擔任美國總統。他於2004年去世,享年93歲。
里根總統在促進冷戰結束方面所做出的貢獻也被刻在他的銅像的基座上。那是英國前首相撒切爾夫人的一句名言:「羅納德·里根在不發一槍的情況下贏得了冷戰。」
為了承認他對冷戰結束的貢獻,里根銅像前還安置了一小段柏林牆。
曾經被稱為里根「政治知音」(political soulmate)的撒切爾夫人雖然受到邀請出席周一的揭幕儀式,但她因為年邁多病無法親自參加。
里根銅像將落戶於倫敦市中心的美國駐英大使館前的格羅夫納廣場(Grosvenor Square),與之遙相呼應的還有美國前總統艾森豪威爾和羅斯福的雕像。
大約有兩千名來賓出席了周一的揭幕儀式。

-----換句話說,共和黨的未來是雷根主義還是川普主義?恐怕答案很可能是川普主義。
In other words, is the future of the Republican Party Reaganism or Trumpism? The answer, I’m afraid, is most likely Trumpism.

從美國政治史的長河來看,雷根時代似乎是一種反常現象。從冷戰時期,特別是雷根1980年當選總統,到小布希總統任期以及麥凱恩和羅姆尼的競選,這段時期對於共和黨而言,是一段罕見而短暫的溫和與負責的時期。冷戰及其戰後時期所帶來的威脅感和道德覺悟,促成了這段時期的出現。

在此之前(有時甚至在此期間),美國右翼的動力則更為陰暗——他們對現代自由主義抱有強烈的反感,不願面對治理一個幅員遼闊、商業化程度極高的國家的現實,並堅信政治智慧在於國家轉向內向,沉溺於自我陶醉之中。

這就是共和黨及其相當一部分支持者如今回歸的現狀。任何認真思考川普總統任期結束後可能出現的情況的努力,都需要正視右翼政治基因中這些強大而根深蒂固的因素。

Guest Essay

Reagan, Not Trump, Is the Real G.O.P. Aberration

A montage of photographs of Donald Trump, including one that shows him shaking hands with Ronald Reagan during the latter’s presidency in the 1980s.
Credit...Javier Palma
Listen to this article · 11:33 min Learn more

Republicans took a beating pretty much everywhere this week. President Trump was not on the ballot, but a good part of the blame can and should be laid at his feet.

觀點

特約文章

雷根,而非川普,才是共和黨真正的異類

2025年11月8日,美國東部時間上午7:00

一組唐納德·川普的照片,其中一張顯示他在20世紀80年代羅納德·雷根擔任總統期間與雷根握手。

圖片來源:Javier Palma


作者:達蒙‧林克

林克先生曾是《The Week》雜誌的專欄作家,他撰寫了時事通訊《中間地帶筆記》(Notes From the Middleground)。

本週,共和黨幾乎在各方面都遭受了重創。雖然川普總統沒有參加選舉,但他應該也完全承擔一部分責任。


The historian Samuel Moyn has argued that liberal postwar opposition to Communism had the effect of undermining the left — it encouraged liberals to hew to the ideological center so they could preside over a broad-based national consensus against the threat. But something very similar took place on the American right, opening it to the ideological center, reconciling it to the existence of the welfare state and encouraging it to embrace the internationalism of military alliances, free markets and trade, and the free movement of people across borders.

The Old Right furies didn’t ever disappear entirely. They were a significant presence in the New Right that William F. Buckley Jr. helped to forge at National Review beginning in the mid-1950s, just as they played a (mostly rhetorical) role in shaping the presidential campaigns of Barry Goldwater, Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. But when it came to governance and policymaking, the harder, rejectionist right was usually relegated to the role of fringy junior partners in a predominantly center-right electoral coalition.

歷史學家塞繆爾·莫恩認為,戰後自由派對共產主義的反對實際上削弱了左翼的力量——它促使自由派傾向於意識形態中間路線,以便他們能夠主導一場廣泛的全國性共識,共同對抗共產主義威脅。但美國右派也經歷了類似的轉變,它向意識形態中間靠攏,接受了福利國家的存在,並鼓勵其擁抱軍事聯盟、自由市場和貿易以及人員跨境自由流動等國際主義理念。


舊右翼的狂熱從未完全消失。在威廉·F·巴克利二世於1950年代中期開始在《國家評論》雜誌上推動的新右翼運動中,舊右翼勢力佔據了重要地位。正如他們在巴里·戈德華特、理查德·尼克森、羅納德·裡根和喬治·H·W·布希的總統競選中發揮了(主要是修辭上的)作用一樣。但在治理和政策制定方面,強硬的、拒絕主義的右翼通常被降格為以中右翼為主的選舉聯盟中的邊緣次要夥伴。




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