張德培回憶1989年法網：天安門的情況激勵了我
2016/6/4 — 17:36
運動公社製圖
法國網球公開賽每年在五月底開打，到六月初結束。因此，在1989年，六四慘案就是在法國網球公開賽舉行期間發生的。而當年以十七歲之齡贏得男單錦標的就是華裔美籍球手張德培。
奪得他職業生涯唯一一項大滿貫二十年後，張德培仍然記得兩件事之間的關係。當年他和母親每晚在巴黎的酒店就是追看電視，以了解北京事態的最新消息。他仍然記得，武力清場的一天，就是法國公開賽進行到半程的那個星期日。張德培說：「那場景令在網球賽中爭勝這事變得微不足道。」
武力鎮壓後的一天，王維林勇擋坦克車的影像在全球播映。同時，張德培在十六強與賽事的頭號種籽，當時已曾三奪法網男單冠軍的蘭度相遇。張德培以四比六、四比六先落後兩盤，但隨即以六比三、六比三追成平手。決勝第五盤進行了三局時，已戰至抽筋的張德培走到裁判的方向，準備退出比賽。但他在最後時刻改變主意，決定繼續戰鬥。
張德培知道，在這身體狀況下，不能用正常的方法爭勝。換場休息時，他不坐下，以免自己無法再站起來。他多次打超重上旋的moonball到對方的場區。他試過用下手發球。裁判因為他用太多時間喝水而警告他，他依然故我繼續喝水。到決勝分，張德培走到發球線接應蘭度的發球。大概是受到張德培再一次不按牌理出牌的影響，蘭度發球雙錯誤。張德培以六比三拿下第五盤晉級。
張德培在第五盤的做法，部分人認為有違體育精神。在之後的賽事，張德培知道現場球迷在為對手打氣：「但天安門的情況激勵了我。」在決賽，張德培以三比二擊敗三號種籽艾堡奪冠。張德培說他當時希望藉贏得冠軍令全球華人可以重拾笑容。
25年了。
此君是重要人物. 最動人的奮不顧身贏球.......19901991台灣杜邦在本地共同贊助他。
大清早，找張培德先生17歲時，1989年到底那一天大贏。看了Wikipedia 的英日中文版：網頁的表現粗細，各表現網路體育報導的成熟程度。
我們當年很幸運，在六四屠殺之悲哀中，看到張的感人奮戰。電視中，看台上許多女士跟我們一樣，在拭淚.....
張先生來台灣時，我們公司當然共同贊助他。
優勝 2. 1989年6月11日 フランスの旗 全仏オープン クレー スウェーデンの旗 ステファン・エドベリ 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 http://hcpeople.blogspot.tw/2014/05/michael-chang-returns-to-french-open.html
Michael Chang Underhand Serve vs Ivan Lendl (French ...
vimeo.com/50229630
Sep 26, 2012
[Featured in CNN Open Court and Guardian] Michael Chang's famous underhand / drop / underarm service ...Michael Chang Returns to French Open, With a Protégé
May 30, 2014
25年後重遊故地，張德培率弟子回到法網
人物2014年05月30日
張德培對陣伊萬·倫德爾的知名一戰，他在比賽中利用一記大膽的下手發球，為他唯一主要的冠軍頭銜鋪平了道路。
Lionel Cironneau/Associated Press
PARIS — Twenty-five years later, Michael Chang still has not talked about the 1989 French Open with Ivan Lendl. Nor has he hit another underhand serve in competition.
25年過去了，張德培(Michael Chang)依然未談及自己1989年和伊萬·倫德爾(Ivan Lendl)在法國網球公開賽(French Open)上的對陣。他也沒有再在比賽中用過下手發球。
Back in Paris at
age 42, Chang still has a bowl cut, still is an openly devout Christian
and still is traveling with family, only this time he is here not with
his parents, Betty and Joe, but with his wife, Amber, and their two
daughters, ages 3 and 1.
如今，42歲重回巴黎的張德培依然留着西瓜頭，依然是一名公開表達其虔誠信仰的基督徒，依然是和家人前來，但這次和他一起來巴黎的不是他的雙親貝蒂(Betty)和喬(Joe)，而是他的妻子安布爾(Amber)，以及他們的兩個女兒，一個3歲，一個1歲。
But this French Open, which begins Sunday, is not merely about nostalgia for Chang. It is also about fresh dreams.
但將於周日（即5月25日，本文最初發表於2014年5月24日——編注）開幕的本屆法網不僅涉及對張德培的懷舊，還與鮮活的夢想有關。
Yes, this is the
anniversary of his victory at 17 against sound logic and great odds; a
victory that coincided with violence far away in Tiananmen Square; a
victory he attributes to a potent brew of talent, toil, youthful
insouciance and divine intervention.
是的，這是對他在17歲時顛覆常理，克服重重困難取得勝利的周年紀念；他的勝利與遠方天安門廣場上的暴力事件發生在同一時間。他將自己的勝利歸功於天資、辛苦投入、年輕人的無憂無慮和神靈的干預這張混合配方。
張德培現在是排名世界第十的日本明星選手錦織圭（左）的教練。
Scott Barbour/Getty Images
“There were matches
I just shouldn’t have won,” Chang said. “There were balls that should
have gone out that didn’t. There was rain that had no business coming
down. I mean, you can’t fathom how those things had happened. There was a
purpose there, and there was a purpose for me being 17 and a purpose
for me being Chinese and for the events that unfolded during that period
of time. There was a reason it happened the way it did.”
「有些比賽我本來根本不會贏，」張德培
說，「有些球本來應該出界，但卻沒有。有些八竿子打不着的雨下了下來。我是說，你看不透這些事情是怎麼發生的。當時發生的事情是有目的的，我當年17歲是
有目的的，我身為華人，以及那段時間發生的事情都是有目的的。事情之所以會成這樣是有原因的。」
This year, Chang is
at Roland Garros on a new mission, as coach of Kei Nishikori, the
Japanese star who is ranked in the top 10 for the first time and hitting
new heights under Chang’s tutelage. After winning the clay-court
tournament in Barcelona, Nishikori had Rafael Nadal on the ropes in
Madrid this month before retiring with back spasms.
今年，現身法網的張德培是帶着新的使命而
來的。他是日本網球明星錦織圭(Kei
Nishikori)的教練。錦織圭的排名首次進了前十，成績在張德培的指導下也屢創新高。在贏得巴賽羅那的那場紅土場地錦標賽後，本月在馬德里，錦織圭
一度讓拉斐爾·納達爾(Rafael Nadal)陷入困境，後因背部痙攣退賽。
The lessons from
1989 were manifold: keep your tactics flexible; refuse to be intimidated
by those of greater experience and achievement; keep fighting,
hustling, lunging and hobbling no matter how much your legs cramp and
your optimism wavers.
1989年收穫的經驗是多方面的：保持戰術靈活；不要被那些經驗更豐富、成就更大的人嚇到；無論雙腿怎麼抽筋、樂觀情緒消失了多少，都要堅持戰鬥、猛攻、前沖、蹦跳。
“Bjorn Borg won the
French Open when he was a teenager,” said José Higueras, Chang’s coach
in 1989. “So did Mats Wilander and Rafa. But to me, the special thing
about Michael’s win was not so much that he won the French but how he
won it: having the audacity to play the best players in the sport in a
huge arena and having the guts to actually serve underhand and having
the nerve to believe he actually could win.”
「比約恩·伯格(Bjorn
Borg)在法網奪冠時才十幾歲，」張德培在1989年時的教練若澤·伊格拉斯(José Higueras)說，「馬茨·維蘭德(Mats
Wilander)和拉法(Rafa)也是。但對我而言，邁克爾（Michael，張德培的英文名——譯註）獲勝一事的特別之處與其說是他在法網奪冠，不
如說是他如何奪冠的：有膽量在大型體育場同這項運動最好的運動員一較高下、有魄力採用下手發球、有勇氣相信自己真的會贏。」
Higueras and others
tend, understandably, to focus on the fourth-round match against Lendl,
instead of the other victories. It came on Court Central and was
perhaps the closest tennis has come to David and Goliath.
伊格拉斯和其他人傾向於把重點放在對陣倫德爾的第四輪比賽，而不是其他勝利上，這是可以理解的。比賽在中央網球場(Court Central)舉行，而且可能是最接近《大衛和歌利亞》(David and Goliath)這個故事的網球比賽。
“If they play that match 20 times, Michael wins it once,” Higueras said.
「如果他們那場比賽打20次，邁克爾只能贏一次，」伊格拉斯說。
It was astonishing.
Lendl was a seven-time Grand Slam singles winner and three-time French
Open winner long established as the No. 1 player in the world. Chang,
who had played rarely on clay as a standout junior or young
professional, had not been past the fourth round in a major.
的確令人震驚。倫德爾曾七獲大滿貫單打冠軍，三次在法網奪冠，長期以來一直被認為是全世界的頭號選手。而作為一名出色的後輩，或者說一名年輕的職業運動員，張德培之前很少在黏土賽場上打球，也未在重大賽事的第四輪中獲勝過。
He was, however,
seeded 15th at Roland Garros because of some injuries and withdrawals.
Though he had never played Lendl in an official match, he had played him
in two exhibitions in the year before the French Open, losing indoors
in Des Moines, Iowa and then beating him in Atlanta on green clay. After
the Des Moines match, Lendl, who could be caustic, gave Chang some
unsolicited counsel in the limousine heading back to the hotel.
然而，因為有人受傷，有人退賽，他當時是法網的15號種子選手。儘管之前從未在正式比賽中與倫德爾對陣過，但他曾在那屆法網前一年的兩場表演賽中與倫德爾交過手，先是在艾奧瓦州得梅因的室內賽場上輸給了對方，後來在亞特蘭大的綠土賽場上將對方打敗。打完得梅因那場比賽後，偶爾言辭尖刻的倫德爾在乘坐豪華轎車回酒店時，不請自來地向張德培提了一些
建議。
“Just out of the
blue, not even trying necessarily to start a conversation he said, ‘Do
you want to know why you lost today?’” Chang said. “And I’m like, ‘Sure.
Go ahead. Tell me.’ And he goes: ‘Well, you have no serve. Your second
serve is like nothing, and you know you move pretty well but you have no
weapons. You get a lot of balls back but you have absolutely nothing
you can hurt me with.’ And he goes, ‘If you don’t work on your game,
there’s just no way you’re going to be able to survive out here on
tour.’”
「他甚至都沒試着講些客套話，便突然說
道，『想知道你今天為什麼輸了嗎？』」張德培說，「我就說，『當然。你說吧，告訴我。於是他說：『你的發球不好。你的第二個發球一點威力都沒有。你知道你
的移動很好，但你沒有武器。你接到了很多球，但你完全沒有可以傷到我的武器。』他還接著說，『如果不在網球上努努力，你根本沒辦法留在巡迴賽里。』」
Chang said he was
grateful, not resentful, for the advice from on high and went back to
work. He trained with Higueras and another promising American teenager,
Pete Sampras, in Palm Springs, Calif. Chang had reached the third round
in 1988 in his first French Open, losing to John McEnroe on Court
Central, and Higueras believed he had long-range potential to do very
well at Roland Garros.
對這種高高在上的建議，張德培說他感到感
激，而非忿恨，然後就回去努力了。在加州棕櫚泉，他與伊格拉斯，以及另一名很有前途的美國少年皮特·桑普拉斯(Pete
Sampras)一起進行了訓練。1988年，張德培在自己的首次法網賽事中打入第三輪，但在中央網球場上輸給了約翰·麥肯羅(John
McEnroe)。伊格拉斯相信，他具有長期的潛力，能夠在法網表現驚人。
“The game was not
as physical as it is today, wasn’t as fast,” Higueras said. “He had a
very good perception of the ball. He was quicker than quick, and the
only thing he wasn’t doing well enough was taking advantage of some of
those short balls and moving up a bit more. So I worked with him for a
few days and said, ‘Hey Michael. Listen, you keep working hard, and I
think you have a good chance to do well at the French in a few years.”
「當時，比賽並不像現在這樣對體力有這麼
高的要求，球也沒這麼快，」伊格拉斯說，「他球感極好，速度快得不得了，唯一的不足就是沒有利用一些短球的機會，更多地往網前移動。所以我們一起訓練了幾
天，我說，「嗨，邁克爾。聽着，你要繼續努力，我相信幾年之內，你就很有機會在法網取得好成績。」
Chang said his response was: “Why not this year?”
張德培說，他回答道：「為什麼今年不行？」
“I don’t think it was necessarily an arrogant comment,” Chang said. “But I was just kind of like why not? You never know.”
「我想，這樣回答倒不是自負，」張德培說，「但我就是想，為什麼不可能？誰知道呢。」
Clearly not,
especially when you are a youngster with precocious talent and precious
little scar tissue from big disappointments past. “There’s advantages, I
think of being 17,” Chang said.
這明顯不是自負，尤其是，說這番話的是位一早顯露出天分的少年，而且他還不曾因為過去敗得一塌塗地而留下什麼傷痕，這一點很可貴。張德培說，「我想這就是17歲的優勢。」
The match with
Lendl was played on June 5, one day after the Chinese government
crackdown on student protests in Tiananmen Square in Beijing.
和倫德爾的對戰發生在6月5日，就在中國政府在北京天安門廣場鎮壓學生的後一天。
Chang, the
American-born son of Taiwanese immigrants, followed the news closely
with his family. “Once the crackdown actually happened,” he said, “and
you saw so many people dying and you see the guy standing in front of
the tank and stuff like that, it does put things into proper
perspective.”
張德培的父母是台灣移民，他本人在美國出生，他和他的家人密切關注着天安門事件的消息。他說，「一旦鎮壓真的發生了，一旦你看到這麼多人死去，看到一個人站在坦克前，以及諸如此類的畫面，你會知道怎麼去正確地看待很多事情。」
After dropping the
first two sets against Lendl, Chang won the next two despite cramping in
both legs near the end of the fourth. He recalled walking toward the
chair umpire, Richard Ings, to retire after the third game of the fifth
set, then stopping at the service line because he had “an unbelievable
conviction of heart.”
在和倫德爾對陣時，張德培輸掉了前兩盤比
賽，隨後贏得了接下來的兩盤比賽，儘管在第四盤比賽接近尾聲時，他的兩條腿都抽筋了。據他回憶，他在第五盤第三局比賽結束後走向主裁判理乍得·英格斯
(Richard Ings)準備退賽，卻在發球線停了下來，因為他「心裡湧出了一股難以置信的信念」。
“Something I’ve
never had happen to me at any other time in my career,” he added. “I
honestly just felt like God was just saying to me, ‘Michael, what are
you doing?’ ”
他還說，「在我職業生涯的任何時刻都從未發生過的事，就這樣發生了。我真地感受到，就好像是上帝直接對我說，『邁克爾，你在幹什麼？』」
Chang’s overt
expressions of faith would not play particularly well to the French
press or public, a fact that pained him in the years ahead. “In my mind,
my heart, that’s the best part of me,” he said.
張德培公開表達自己信仰的做法並不為法國新聞媒體或公眾所接受，這個事實讓他在接下來的多年裡都感到痛心。他說，「在我心底，信仰是我最大的優點。」
The underhand
serve, the first and last of Chang’s career, came at 4-3, 15-30 in the
fifth set. Chang sensed that Lendl was on his way to breaking him again
and felt he needed to do something different.
在第五盤的大比分達到4-3，局比分為15-30時，張德培使出了下手發球，這是他第一次，也是最後一次在職業生涯的關鍵時刻這麼做。張德培感覺，倫德爾就要再次獲得破發點了，他覺得自己需要採取一些不一樣的打法。
Lendl, understandably surprised, managed to keep the ball in play but lost the point after a Chang passing shot.
倫德爾設法把球打了回去，然而，在張德培擊出一記穿越球後，倫德爾丟失了這一分，他的驚訝是可以理解的。
On match point,
Lendl missed his first serve, and Chang hobbled forward, much farther
forward than was customary, to return. With Chang a few feet from the
service box, the crowd tittered. Lendl, irritated, asked Ings for
another first serve. Ings denied the request, and Lendl, shaking his
head, hit a second serve that struck the tape and landed long for a
double fault. Chang soon landed, too, on his back on the clay, in tears
after 4 hours 37 minutes and a 4-6, 4-6, 6-3, 6-3, 6-3 victory.
比賽處於賽點時，倫德爾的第一個發球失誤
了，張德培蹦跳着上前去接球，他比一般情況走得更靠前許多。他站在距發球區只有幾步之遙的地方，觀眾因此發出了竊笑聲。惱怒的倫德爾請英格斯批准他重發第
一球，英格斯拒絕了他的請求，倫德爾搖着頭，發了第二球，球擊中球網上緣之後，飛出了發球區，倫德爾雙發失誤了。張德培馬上就仰面躺倒在紅土場上，滿臉是
淚，他在經歷了4小時37分的奮戰後獲勝了，比分分別是4-6、4-6、 6-3、6-3和6-3。
“I umpired over 2,000 tour matches,” Ings said in an email. “Nothing came close to the drama and passion of that match.”
英格斯在一封電子郵件里說，「我擔任了2000多場比賽的裁判。還沒有哪場比賽能及得上這場這麼驚心動魄、富有激情。」
Chang said that
despite spending time together on the senior tour and golf course, he
and Lendl had never discussed the match. “I don’t plan to,” Chang said,
laughing.
張德培說，儘管他和倫德爾在元老巡迴賽和高爾夫場上有所交往，然而他們從未討論過這場比賽。張德培笑着說，「我也不打算這麼做。」
What is nearly as
remarkable in retrospect is that Chang had the emotional and physical
reserves to avoid a letdown in 1989. He still had to fight through tough
four-set matches against Ronald Agenor of Haiti and against Andrei
Chesnokov, then of the Soviet Union, to reach the final.
事後看來，與這場比賽幾乎一樣了不起的是
張德培擁有足夠的激情和體力儲備，由此在1989年避免了虎頭蛇尾的結果。他當時不得不再打兩場為時四盤的艱難比賽，才能進入決賽，他的對手分別是海地選
手羅納德·阿熱諾爾(Ronald Agenor)和當時的蘇聯選手安德烈·切斯諾科夫(Andrei Chesnokov)。
In the final, Chang
faced Stefan Edberg, the net-rushing future No. 1 player from Sweden
who was the reigning Wimbledon champion. Chang rallied again, this time
from a two-sets-to-one deficit, fending off nine break points in two
pivotal games in the fourth set. Attacking the net plenty of times
himself, he ultimately wore down Edberg, 6-1, 3-6, 4-6, 6-4, 6-2.
在決賽中，張德培面對的是喜歡上網前沖的
瑞典選手斯蒂芬·埃德伯格(Stefan
Edberg)。埃德伯格當時是溫網那一年的冠軍，也是後來的世界一號選手。張德培再次在落後的情況下「重整旗鼓」，一度盤比分是2比1，然後在第四盤的
兩個關鍵局中挽救了九個破發點。在自己也多次上網進攻後，他終於以6比1、3比6、4比6、6比4、6比2的比分拖垮了埃德伯格。
Chang was the first
American man since Tony Trabert in 1955 to win the French Open, and he
remains the youngest man to win a Grand Slam singles title.
張德培是在托尼·特拉伯特(Tony Trabert)1955年問鼎法網冠軍後首個在法網奪冠的美國人。他依然是大滿貫歷史上最年輕的男單冠軍。
He acknowledges the
odds are slim that another 17-year-old could do it in this era of
physical tennis. Though he reached other major finals, he never won
another Grand Slam title. But his breakthrough inspired his American
peer group — Andre Agassi, Sampras and Jim Courier — who used his
victory for fuel, winning 26 Grand Slam tournaments among them in the
years ahead.
他承認，另一個17歲的運動員在對體能有
着極大要求的網球領域取得這種成功的幾率很小。儘管他也進入了其他重要賽事的決賽，但他卻從未再在大滿貫比賽中折桂。然而，他取得的突破激勵了他在美國的
同齡人——安德烈·阿加西(Andre Agassi)、桑普拉斯(Sampras)和吉姆·考瑞爾(Jim
Courier)。他們以他的勝利為動力，未來的歲月里共贏得了26場大滿貫賽事。
Copyright © 2013 The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.
翻譯：陳亦亭、張薇
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