Back to The Monuments Men | Jaujard, Jacques 或譯雅克‧若亞
Jacques Jaujard ( 1895-1967 )
As Director of the French National Museums (Musées Nationaux) during the Nazi occupation of France, Jaujard was instrumental in the protection of thousands of artworks, including those from the Louvre Museum. He joined the Musées Nationaux as secretary general in 1926, was named deputy director in 1933, and by 1939 rose to director. In late summer of that year, he oversaw the evacuation of the Louvre and its paintings, sculptures and other objects d’art to various châteaux in the Loire Valley. Not content with only protecting state-owned artworks, Jaujard also provided safety for many private collections, including those of David-Weill, Jacobson, Levy, Hesse, and Bernheim, in national museum vaults. Some collections were confiscated by the Vichy government, however museums quickly acquired many pieces through their rights of preemption. Maurice de Rothschild’s collection was put up for a fictive sale, only to be reacquired by the National Museums and transported to unoccupied France for safekeeping. In some cases, dates on sale documents were even changed to state that artworks were acquired before the occupation. Jaujard used whatever means necessary to ensure the future of France’s cultural heritage. According to Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt, he “not only saved material treasures, but also saved numerous persons from the occupation forces [Nazis], at the risk of his own freedom and even his life.”
Jaujard also enlisted the help of Rose Valland, who was assigned to oversee activities at the Jeu de Paume, a small museum used at the time to store artworks stolen by the Nazi ERR. Valland meticulously tracked thousands of paintings as they were shipped across Europe, managing to escape the attention of the Germans working in the building. She faithfully reported her knowledge to Jaujard. At the end of the war, many artworks were easily restituted due to her work. On November 24, 1944, the French “Commission on Art Recovery” was established with the help of Jacques Jaujard, in order to ensure the proper restitution of French works of art.
In 1944, Jaujard was appointed Director of the French Order of Arts and Letters, and later Secretary General of the Ministry of State in charge of cultural affairs. He was awarded the Medal of Resistance and named Commander of the Legion of Honour for his extraordinary work during the war. In December 1955 Jaujard was elected to the Académie des Beaux-Arts.
Jaujard died unexpectedly from a heart attack in 1967 at the age of 72. A book of his philosophies was published posthumously in 1974, titled “Feuilles.”
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『我們不能選擇敵人，但我們可以挑選我們的戰鬥。』這是第二次世界大戰前夕，法國羅浮宮的館長賈克喬札說過的話，他 曾經秘密進行一項大計畫：把重要文物遷出羅浮宮，不讓納粹染指。
「拯救羅浮宮的男人」紀錄片鉅細靡遺地紀錄了這場文物保衛戰，穿插珍貴的史料畫面，並以動畫模擬當時的狀況，敘事精 彩。1938年7月納粹德國剛兼併奧地利，第二次世界大戰山雨欲來、一觸即發，那時英國國王伉儷出訪巴黎，重申英法結盟關係 ，本希望藉此嚇阻希特勒…，英王喬治六世和法國總統勒布杭，當時仍相信能維持虛幻的和平。
在羅浮宮，法國國立博物館聯會副主席賈克喬札憂心忡忡，他對和平已經失去信心，它暗中籌畫二次世界大戰期間，最令人 驚嘆的一項撤離計畫。賈克喬札在歷史上對羅浮攻的貢獻居功厥偉，但世人鮮少有人知曉，他從納粹掠奪的魔手中，拯救出今天我們仍能在羅浮宮 看到的藝術傑作，若不是他，今日羅浮宮的珍藏就非是當今看到的樣貌了，他究竟是怎樣的人物！？他的決定與計畫，影響 世人有多深呢！？
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