根本 博 ；歐卡蘭 Ocalan

根本博- 維基百科，自由的百科全書 - Wikipedia

根本 博（ねもとひろし  1891年6月6日－1966年5月24日），中文化名林保源。出生於日本福島縣，大日本帝國陸軍軍人，陸軍中將·勲一等·功三級。日本陸軍士官學校23期、日本陸軍大學校34期畢業。

第二次世界大戰終戰時，在內蒙古（當時的蒙疆聯合自治政府）擔任駐紮於此的駐蒙軍之司令。在日本投降後，從蘇聯軍隊的猛攻下，依然頑強抵抗，保護了四萬名滯留在內蒙古的日本國民。

1949年，秘密渡航至臺灣，被蔣介石任命，在金門協助指揮古寧頭戰役，順利擊退中華人民共和國的中國人民解放軍^[1]，使中國共產黨意圖以金門為跳板進一步入侵臺灣本島的野心破滅，成功保衛臺灣直至今日。

目錄

  [隱藏] 

• 1 生平
  • 1.1 誕生
  • 1.2 壯年校官時期
  • 1.3 中堅校官時期
  • 1.4 駐蒙軍司令時期
  • 1.5 臺灣時期
    • 1.5.1 秘密渡航
    • 1.5.2 金門決戰
    • 1.5.3 媒體報導
  • 1.6 晚年
  • 1.7 逝世後
• 2 古寧頭戰役六十周年
• 3 簡歷
• 4 參見
• 5 註釋
• 6 參考文獻

土耳其的曼德拉（江春男）

2015年03月23日 

4個月前，敘利亞北部城巿科巴尼被「伊斯蘭國」包圍，庫德族面臨種族屠殺的慘劇，幾公里外的土耳其坦克部隊卻袖手旁觀。接著奇蹟出現，庫德族的「自由鬥士」千里奔馳，奪回這座城市，他們的英勇，重新燃起庫德人建國的希望。

一戰結束時，民族自決運動風起雲湧，在奧圖曼帝國的廢墟上，誕生許多新國家，各大民族都有自己的國家，唯獨庫德族被遺忘了。庫德人主要分布在土耳其、敘利亞和伊拉克的邊界上，人口超過3000萬，面積比英國還大，他們獨立建國的呼聲數十年不間斷。
庫德族的派系很多，各國處境不同，伊拉克和敘利亞都設立自治區，但土耳其不承認庫德人是少數民族，不允許他們成立自治區。土耳其庫德人超過1500萬，佔全國五分之一以上人口。
土耳其的庫德「工人黨」採取武裝和暗殺手段，30年來造成4萬多人死亡，被列為世界最有名的恐怖組織之一，其領袖歐卡蘭更是惡名昭彰，被稱為雙手沾滿血腥的「恐怖酋長」。1999年在肯亞被捕，先被判死刑，後改為無期徒刑，關在伊斯坦堡外海的馬摩拉海監獄。
這幾年，他的角色發生戲劇性變化，現在幾乎變成土耳其的曼德拉。他公開放棄武裝暴力路?，呼籲工人黨解除武裝，以談判代替對抗。他的處境和轉變與曼德拉有相似之處，而土耳其總統派情報局長和他在獄中秘密談判，也和南非白人政府類似。
在獄中的歐卡蘭可接見國會議員，也可接受媒體訪問，前年他發表聲明，成功地阻止一場罷工。他宣稱有能力在3個月內，把游擊隊從山上帶下來，有5000名自殺炸彈客願意為他而死。他的影響力無人敢低估，土耳其總統也把他當籌碼，因為選舉季節快到了。 

打造庫德建國夢

土耳其想跟庫德人和解，庫德人想借敘利亞內戰翻身，歐卡蘭的傳奇和轉變，使庫德人的建國之夢，更有現實感。 

Turkey

Mandela and Ocalan: Flowers for a Friend of the Kurds

13/12/2013

Flowers sent by Abdullah Ocalan to the funeral of the late South African leader Nelson Mandela. Photo by Christiane Amanpour.

By Ava Homa


TORONTO, Canada – For many Kurds, the late Nelson Mandela will be remembered for his principled stand against Turkey’s treatment of its large and oppressed Kurdish minority.


In 1992, when Mandela was still president of South Africa, he turned down the Ataturk Peace Prize that Turkey offered him for his lifelong fight for freedom. Pointing to the oppression of the Kurds, Mandela confronted the Turkish government for its hypocrisy and rejected the prize.


This caused an outrage in Turkey. According to the AFP news agency, nationalist Turks called Mandela a “terrorist” because of his support for the Kurdish cause. Mandela was also named an “insolent African” who turned down a prestigious award.


“We know what it means to be oppressed in your own country. We know the pain of a mother whose child has disappeared… We know what it means to have your nationality and culture insulted… I am part of the Kurdish struggle. I am one of you.” These are some of the words Nelson Mandela uttered at a Kurdish Festival in Germany in September 1997.


Mandela also denounced the criminalization of the Kurdish cause and pointed out that at one point, he himself was labeled “a terrorist.” He went on to specifically condemn the war that the Turkish government wages on the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) as “a war against human rights and against the masses.”


It is, therefore, no surprise that from behind the bars, Abdullah Ocalan sent flowers as a tribute to the South African leader.

Christiane Amanpour, a British-Iranian journalist and television host, currently working at ABC and CNN, posted the photo of the flowers on her Facebook page on Wednesday.


“Tribute to Mandela from behind bars. Saw these flowers from jailed Kurdish leader Abdullah Ocalan for lying in state,” Amanpour wrote under the photo of the wreath sent by Ocalan.


The photo generated more than 3,500 likes and more than 1,000 comments by Kurds and Turks alike.

The Turkish nationals labeled Ocalan as a terrorist and attacked Amanpour for posting the photo, calling her a provocateur and supporter of terrorists.


“Do you support terrorism?” a Turkish Facebook user commented on the photo, addressing Amanpour. “Do you consider this an act of kindness from behind bars?”


Kurds also responded in their hundreds, applauding Amanpour for her photo of Ocalan’s flowers and likening the situation of Kurds in Turkey to that of South Africa’s black population under the white rule.


“They (Ocalan and Mandela) both carried arms and fought when needed,” Alan Saeed, a Kurd, commented on Amanpour’s photo. “They both began a peace process when time for peace arrived. They were both sentenced to life in prison. They are in fact soul mates in the struggle for freedom. No one has any doubt that Ocalan will also arrive at victory, like Mandela did.”