- 費曼女兒 Michelle Feynman編父親 《費曼手札》《科學頑童費曼語錄》；代父造訪 Tannu Tuva,圖瓦(Growing Up Feynman瓦) James Gleick 費曼傳記《理查‧費曼：天才的軌跡》NYT訃聞 一些反思 1986年挑戰者號災難報告（也稱為羅傑斯委員會報告The Rogers Commission Report）；陳寬仁教授：沒脈絡，只述"問題解決"案例。 自述：《費曼手札》(Perfectly Reasonable Deviations from the Beaten Track: The Letters of Richard P. Feynman) 所見by James Gleick.《理查．費曼：天才的軌跡》 Richard Feynman ： 訃聞(紐約時報)/；
- Edited by
- Michelle Feynman
“Some people say, ‘How can you live without knowing?’ I do not know what they mean. I always live without knowing. That is easy. How you get to know is what I want to know.”—Richard P. Feynman
Nobel Prize–winning physicist Richard P. Feynman (1918–88) was that rarest of creatures—a towering scientific genius who could make himself understood by anyone and who became as famous for the wit and wisdom of his popular lectures and writings as for his fundamental contributions to science. The Quotable Feynman is a treasure-trove of this revered and beloved scientist’s most profound, provocative, humorous, and memorable quotations on a wide range of subjects.
Carefully selected by Richard Feynman’s daughter, Michelle Feynman, from his spoken and written legacy, including interviews, lectures, letters, articles, and books, the quotations are arranged under two dozen topics—from art, childhood, discovery, family, imagination, and humor to mathematics, politics, science, religion, and uncertainty. These brief passages—about 500 in all—vividly demonstrate Feynman’s astonishing yet playful intelligence, and his almost constitutional inability to be anything other than unconventional, engaging, and inspiring. The result is a unique, illuminating, and enjoyable portrait of Feynman’s life and thought that will be cherished by his fans at the same time that it provides an ideal introduction to Feynman for readers new to this intriguing and important thinker.
The book features a foreword in which physicist Brian Cox pays tribute to Feynman and describes how his words reveal his particular genius, a piece in which cellist Yo-Yo Ma shares his memories of Feynman and reflects on his enduring appeal, and a personal preface by Michelle Feynman. It also includes some previously unpublished quotations, a chronology of Richard Feynman’s life, some twenty photos of Feynman, and a section of memorable quotations about Feynman from other notable figures.
Features:
- Approximately 500 quotations, some of them previously unpublished, arranged by topic
- A foreword by Brian Cox, reflections by Yo-Yo Ma, and a preface by Michelle Feynman
- A chronology of Feynman’s life
- Some twenty photos of Feynman
- A section of quotations about Feynman from other notable figures
Some notable quotations of Richard P. Feynman:
- “The thing that doesn’t fit is the most interesting.”
- “Thinking is nothing but talking to yourself inside.”
- “It is wonderful if you can find something you love to do in your youth which is big enough to sustain your interest through all your adult life. Because, whatever it is, if you do it well enough (and you will, if you truly love it), people will pay you to do what you want to do anyway.”
- “I’d hate to die twice. It’s so boring.”
Much of what he accomplished he would admit to not understanding. ''I can live with doubt and uncertainty,'' he once said. ''I think it's much more interesting to live not knowing than to have answers which might be wrong.
他承認，自己對許多成就並不理解。 「我可以帶著懷疑和不確定性生活，」他曾說。 “我覺得，生活在未知之中比得到可能錯誤的答案有趣得多。”
「我並不害怕未知，也不害怕迷失在一個神秘莫測、毫無目的的宇宙中——就我所知，宇宙的本質就是這樣。」他補充道。 “這並不讓我害怕。”
Much of what he accomplished he would admit to not understanding. ''I can live with doubt and uncertainty,'' he once said. ''I think it's much more interesting to live not knowing than to have answers which might be wrong.
''I don't feel frightened by not knowing things, by being lost in a mysterious universe without any purpose, which is the way it really is, so far as I can tell,'' he added. ''It doesn't frighten me.''
理查‧費曼：天才的軌跡
影片僅供參考，實物可能因再版或再刷而有差異
作者：James Gleick
譯者：李靜宜、黃小玲. 出版社： 牛頓. 出版日期： 1993/07/15.
2025你應該知道： 李靜宜是昔日李登輝先生的文膽。現在是出版社老闆兼譯者。
陳寬仁教授：沒脈絡，只述"問題解決"案例
1986年挑戰者號災難報告（也稱為羅傑斯委員會報告）指出，右側固體火箭助推器 (SRB) 接頭中一個 O 形密封圈失效是事故的直接原因。報告詳細說明了發射當天的低溫如何損壞密封圈，導致熱氣體逸出並燒穿外部燃料箱，最終導致結構性損壞和太空梭解體。該委員會還強調了 NASA 內部的組織和決策失誤，例如安全系統不足以及迫於緊迫的發射時間表的壓力，這些都是促成事故發生的因素。
您可以觀看此視頻，了解更多關於挑戰者號災難以及 NASA 忽視的警告：
- The primary cause was a failure in the O-rings sealing the aft field joint of the right SRB.
- The O-ring design was flawed, being too sensitive to cold temperatures, which prevented the seal from functioning correctly during the Challenger's cold launch day.
- The escaping hot gases from the faulty joint created a breach in the external fuel tank, leading to its eventual failure.
- The structural failure of the external tank exposed the orbiter to severe aerodynamic forces, causing the Challenger to break up.
- The commission also pointed to NASA's organizational culture, characterized by scheduling pressures, excessive overtime, and a flawed safety and decision-making process, as significant contributing factors to the tragedy.
- On January 28, 1986, the Challenger launched, but the extremely cold conditions affected the O-ring in the SRB joint.
- The O-ring failed to properly seal, allowing hot gases to leak out of the booster at the joint.
- This leak burned through the external fuel tank, causing a structural failure.
- The vehicle's structural integrity was compromised, leading to its violent breakup 73 seconds after launch.
- The accident led to a significant restructuring of the Space Shuttle program to improve crew safety.
- It prompted NASA to implement stronger safety measures and review its management and decision-making processes.
- All seven astronauts aboard the Challenger were killed, a tragic loss that deeply affected the United States and the global space community.
羅傑斯委員會報告的主要發現
機械故障：
主要原因是右側固體火箭推進器尾部密封接頭的O形環失效。
設計缺陷：
O形圈設計有缺陷，對低溫過於敏感，導緻密封件在挑戰者號冷發射日無法正常運作。
外部燃料箱破裂：
從故障接頭逸出的熱氣體導致外部燃料箱破裂，最終導致其失效。
氣動解體：
外部燃料箱的結構故障使軌道器暴露在強大的氣動載荷作用下，導致挑戰者號解體。
組織文化：
委員會也指出，NASA的組織文化，包括日程安排壓力、過度加班以及有缺陷的安全和決策流程，是導致悲劇的重要因素。
事故進展
1. 點火升空：
1986年1月28日，挑戰者號發射升空，但極端寒冷的天氣影響了助推器（SRB）接頭的O形環。
2. O形圈失效：
O形環未能正確密封，導致助推器接頭處高溫氣體洩漏。
3. 燃料箱洩漏：
洩漏燒穿了外部燃料箱，造成結構性損壞。
4. 解體：
航天器的結構完整性受損，導致其在發射後73秒劇烈解體。
報告影響
專案範圍調整：
這次事故導致太空梭計畫進行重大重組，以提高機組人員的安全性。
安全改進：
這促使美國太空總署實施更嚴格的安全措施，並審查其管理和決策流程。
機組人員罹難：
挑戰者號上的七名太空人全數罹難，這場悲劇性的損失深深影響了美國乃至全球航太界。
And when the space shuttle Challenger exploded shortly after it was launched on Jan. 28, 1986, Dr. Feynman joined the Presidential commission investigating the disaster. His co-commissioners soon found that it was hard to keep track of him.
Sometimes, with the commission meeting in full session, he would be missing. Later it would turn out that he had been conducting a private investigation, prowling around Cape Canaveral, Fla., questioning engineers and looking at the rocket boosters in storage.
1986年1月28日，挑戰者號太空梭發射後不久爆炸，費曼博士加入了調查這起災難的總統委員會。他的同事很快就發現，很難找到他的蹤跡。
有時，在委員會全體會議期間，他會失蹤。後來人們發現，他一直在進行私人調查，在佛羅裡達州卡納維拉爾角附近徘徊，詢問工程師，並查看倉庫裡的火箭助推器。
That did not sit well with the chairman, William P. Rogers, who wanted an ''orderly investigation.'' Nor did Mr. Rogers like Dr. Feynman's habit of heading for the television cameras to share his findings.
At the hearings themselves, his hair often disheveled, Dr. Feynman ambushed witnesses from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration with aggressive questioning. Then, on Feb. 11, as a piece of O ring material was being passed from commissioner to commissioner, he quietly asked for ice water.
The rubbery O ring provided the critical seal in the rocket booster, and was designed to block the escape of hot gas from the joint connecting the individual rocket segments. Its ability to perform when cold was coming under sharp scrutiny.
As Dr. Feynman expected, when he cooled the rubbery material and squeezed it with a clamp, it failed to spring back into shape. Mr. Rogers saw what was coming, and a few minutes later, at the lunch break, he turned to the astronaut Neil Armstrong and said, ''Feynman is becoming a real pain.'' Material Found Vulnerable
After the break, Dr. Feynman brought the crowded hearing room to dead silence by addressing Lawrence B. Mulloy, the former chief of the solid rocket booster program: ''I took this stuff that I got out of your seal and I put it in ice water, and I discovered that when you put some pressure on it for a while and then undo it, it doesn't stretch back. It stays the same dimension. In other words, for a few seconds at least and more seconds than that, there is no resilience in this particular material when it is at a temperature of 32 degrees.''
這讓主席威廉·P·羅傑斯（William P. Rogers）很不滿意，他希望調查「有序進行」。羅傑斯先生也不喜歡費曼醫師走到電視攝影機前分享調查結果的習慣。
在聽證會上，費曼博士經常頭髮凌亂，他用咄咄逼人的提問突襲了美國國家航空暨太空總署（NASA）的證人。然後，在2月11日，當一塊O形圈材料在委員之間傳遞時，他悄悄地要了冰水。
橡膠O形環是火箭助推器中的關鍵密封件，其設計目的是阻止熱氣體從連接各個火箭段的接頭處逸出。它在低溫下的性能受到了嚴格的審查。
正如費曼博士所料，當他冷卻橡膠材料並用夾子擠壓它時，它並沒有恢復原狀。羅傑斯先生預見了即將發生的事。幾分鐘後，午休時，他轉向宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗說：“費曼真是讓人頭疼。” 材料易受損傷
午休後，費曼博士對前固體火箭助推器項目負責人勞倫斯·B·馬洛伊發表講話，令擁擠的聽證會現場鴉雀無聲：“我把從密封件中取出的東西放進冰水中，發現當你對它施加壓力一段時間後再鬆開它時，它不會回彈。它會保持相同的尺寸。換句話說，在32甚至幾秒鐘說，在32的溫度下。
Dr. Feynman and others concluded that if the space agency had conducted the same experiment and acted on the results, the disaster could have been avoided. When the commission finished its work, Mr. Rogers was barely able to prevail upon Dr. Feynman not to dissent from the report.
But he held a separate news conference to deliver a harsh and independent verdict: that NASA had ''exaggerated the reliability of the space shuttle to the point of fantasy.''
費曼博士和其他人得出結論，如果NASA進行了同樣的實驗並根據結果採取行動，這場災難本可以避免。委員會完成工作後，羅傑斯先生勉強說服費曼醫生不反對報告。
但他召開了另一場新聞發布會，發表了嚴厲而獨立的裁決：NASA「誇大了太空梭的可靠性，簡直到了不切實際的地步」。
即便如此，費曼醫師也已經開始與癌症抗爭，並於週一去世。
Even then, Dr. Feynman had begun a struggle with the cancer that killed him Monday.
《費曼手札》(Perfectly Reasonable Deviations from the Beaten Track: The Letters of Richard P. Feynman)有趣啟發人的回信，舉1974~75的，就可以了解美國人才鼎盛，制度優....
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