這段影片是 Groq 創辦人兼執行長 Jonathan Ross 的專訪。Ross 曾是在 Google 研發 TPU 的核心人物。他在訪談中探討了從 Google 出走到創立 Groq 的歷程、晶片設計的挑戰、以及他對 AI 未來(特別是推論市場)的看法。
以下是影片的重點摘要:
1. 從 Google TPU 到創立 Groq [01:52]
* 起源:2012 年在 Google 時,Ross 看到研究人員開發出強大的語音識別模型,卻因運算成本過高而無法投入生產。這促使他在「20% 自由時間」內研發了 TPU。 [02:25]
* 出走契機:Ross 離開 Google 三週後,公司曾開出 1000 萬美元的條件請他回去。但他選擇拒絕,因為他看見了普及 AI 運算的願景,並認為與其拿這筆錢,不如創立 Groq。 [04:42]
2. 專注於「推論(Inference)」的戰略 [06:19]
* 洞察未來:Groq 成立於 2016 年,當時市場都在關注「訓練(Training)」,但 Ross 堅持專注於「推論」。他認為推論是服務終端用戶的關鍵,且隨著 AI 規模化,推論的成本效益將變得至關重要。 [06:48]
* LPU vs. GPU:GPU 是為並行處理設計的,而 Groq 的 LPU(語言處理單元) 則是為了**序列性(Sequential)**處理而設計。Ross 解釋,語言生成是序列性的(必須先有第 99 個字才有第 100 個字),LPU 在低延遲(Latency)方面具備極大優勢。 [12:08]
3. 以「軟體優先」設計硬體 [18:27]
* 軟體才是關鍵:Groq 在設計晶片的前六個月都在開發編譯器(Compiler)和軟體。Ross 認為軟體的功能對 AI 實驗室來說比硬體規格更重要。 [18:32]
* 快速適應新模型:由於軟體架構優異,Groq 能在 24 小時內編譯並運行全新的大型開源模型(如擁有萬億參數的 Kimmy 模型)。 [18:38]
4. 與 NVIDIA 的關係與供應鏈優勢 [20:16]
* 並非直接競爭:Ross 認為 NVIDIA 專注於高利潤的「訓練」市場。Groq 則願意承接高銷量但利潤相對較低的「推論」業務,雙方可以互補。 [20:32]
* 極速部署:Groq 可以在簽約後 51 天內 完成資料中心的部署,這得益於其晶片採用**空冷(Air-cooled)**而非昂貴的水冷系統,且供應鏈相對簡單靈活。 [19:14]
5. 領導力與企業文化 [30:17]
* 在逆境中建立信任:Ross 分享 Groq 曾一度面臨資金枯竭(僅剩 3 週現金)。公司發行了「Groq 債券(Grock bonds)」,讓 80% 的員工自願降薪換取股權,這反而強化了團隊的凝聚力與透明度。 [33:51]
* 設定目標,而非指導工作:他效法《Turn the Ship Around》一書中的「意向領導(Intentional Leadership)」,給予團隊明確的目標(如每秒服務多少 token),讓員工自行決定如何達成。 [41:40]
6. 對印度與全球 AI 前景的看法 [38:14]
* Ross 認為現在是生成式 AI 的轉折點,未來五年的科技巨頭可能會有許多誕生於印度。他強調 Groq 的目標是提供全球一半的 AI 推論算力,並致力於將運算成本降至接近零。 [39:32]
這段訪談展現了 Ross 獨到的技術洞察力,以及他如何帶領 Groq 在 AI 算力戰爭中以「速度」和「軟體優勢」開闢出一條獨特的路徑。
Cynthia Erivo |
|---|
 Erivo in 2025 |
辛西亞·埃里沃
埃里沃 2025 年
出生 辛西亞 Chinasaokwu Onyedinmanasu Amarachukwu Owezuke Echimino Erivo[1]
1987年1月8日(38歲)
斯托克韋爾, 倫敦, 英國
母校皇家戲劇藝術學院
職業
女歌手歌手作曲家唱片製作人
活躍年資 2010 年至今
獎項完整名單
音樂生涯
流派
R&B靈魂城當代福音百老匯
器樂
標籤
神韻共和國
網站 www.cynthiaerivo.com 在維基資料上編輯此內容
Cynthia Chinasaokwu Onyedinmanasu Amarachukwu Owezuke Echimino Erivo (/əˈriːvoʊ/ ⓘ ə-REE-voh;[2] 1 月 8日艾麗沃(1987年生)是一位英國女演員、歌手、音樂家和詞曲作家。
Cynthia Chinasaokwu Onyedinmanasu Amarachukwu Owezuke Echimino Erivo ( ə-REE-voh;[2] born 8 January 1987) is a British actress, singer, musician, and songwriter. Known for her work on both stage and screen, she is the recipient of several accolades and one of few individuals nominated for an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony Award (EGOT), winning all but the Oscar.
Erivo made her West End debut in the stage musical The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (2011), and her Broadway debut as Celie in the musical revival of The Color Purple (2015–2017). Erivo's work for The Color Purple won her the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical and Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album, as well as a Daytime Emmy Award.
She expanded to films in 2018 with the crime thrillers Widows and Bad Times at the El Royale. Erivo earned nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress for portraying Harriet Tubman in Harriet (2019) and Elphaba in Wicked (2024), as well as a nomination for Best Original Song for the song "Stand Up" from the former. For reprising her role as Elphaba in Wicked: For Good (2025), she became the first black actress to be nominated twice for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy at the Golden Globe Awards.[3]
On television, Erivo portrayed Holly Gibney in the HBO crime drama miniseries The Outsider (2020) and Aretha Franklin in National Geographic's anthology series Genius: Aretha (2021); the latter earned her a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie. As a singer, she has released singles as well as two solo albums in 2021 and 2025.
艾莉沃於2011年在倫敦西區音樂劇《瑟堡的雨傘》中首次亮相,並於2015年至2017年在百老匯復排音樂劇《紫色》中飾演西莉一角,完成了她的百老匯首秀。憑藉《紫色》中的出色表演,她榮獲東尼獎最佳音樂劇女主角獎、葛萊美最佳音樂劇專輯獎以及日間艾美獎。
2018年,她進軍電影界,出演了犯罪驚悚片《寡婦聯盟》和《皇家酒店謀殺案》。艾里沃憑藉在電影《哈麗特》(2019)中飾演哈麗特·塔布曼和在《魔法壞女巫》(2024)中飾演艾芙芭,兩次獲得奧斯卡最佳女主角提名,並憑藉前者中的歌曲《Stand Up》獲得最佳原創歌曲提名。她因在《魔法壞女巫:為了美好》(2025)中再次飾演艾芙芭一角,成為首位兩次獲得金球獎音樂/喜劇類最佳女主角提名的黑人女演員。 [3]
在電視領域,埃里沃在HBO犯罪劇情迷你劇《局外人》(2020)中飾演霍莉·吉布尼,並在國家地理頻道的選集劇《天才:艾瑞莎》(2021)中飾演艾瑞莎·富蘭克林;後者為她贏得了黃金時段艾美獎明星/選集劇/電視劇最佳限定女主角提名。作為一名歌手,她發行過單曲,並在 2021 年和 2025 年發行了兩張個人專輯。
Cynthia Erivo Will Host This Year's Tony Awards. The actress won a Tony Award for “The Color Purple,” and is now nominated for an Oscar for playing Elphaba in ...
Read more Dec 7, 2025 — In an email interview, she wished for “mundane” novels about polyamory, and shared what an audiobook had taught her about Elphaba.
Read more
Nov 6, 2024 — The stars of the new movie reflect on their long ride together, getting through Covid and the actors' strike, and avoiding “playing to the green.”
Read more
Jan 11, 2025 — Though she wore extensive green makeup and prosthetic ears in “Wicked,”
Erivo's shapeshifting rarely involves a radical physical transformation.
Read more Nov 21, 2025 — As out-of-focus figures hold up camera phones, two women in off. From left, Ariana Grande, and
Cynthia Erivo greeted fans at Universal Studios ...
Read more Dec 17, 2025 — ...
Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande. Broadway producers sometimes worry that film adaptations can dampen interest in stage productions — why pay ...
Read more Jan 28, 2025 — Cynthia Erivo, nominated for Best Actress, and Ariana Grande, nominated for Best Supporting Actress, then took the time to meet with young ...
Read more Thank you
Cynthia Erivo we are so grateful for you. My grandson heard your voice on my phone and he took it. He fell asleep to your singing.
Read moreJan 13, 2020 — The star of “Harriet” was the sole black actor nominated for an Oscar this year. Now one step away from an EGOT, she's also up for best song and ...
Read more Cynthia Erivo & Ariana Grande Break Down 'Wicked: For Good' ... Wicked's Ariana Grande and Jonathan Bailey: The Pizza Interview | NYT Cooking.
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