Arthur Gelb, Critic and Editor Who Shaped The Times, Dies at 90
May 21, 2014
訃告
阿瑟·蓋爾布去世，曾給時報打下烙印
2014年05月21日
Arthur Gelb, who by
sheer force of personality was a dominant figure at The New York Times
for decades, lifting its metropolitan and arts coverage to new heights
and helping to shape the paper in its modern era, died on Tuesday at his
home in Manhattan. He was 90.
阿瑟·蓋爾布(Arthur Gelb)具有強大的人格力量，他在《紐約時報》曾連續數十年都是一個主導性人物。他將《紐約時報》的都市報道和藝術報道提升到了新的高度，並幫助時報在現代塑造了自身的形象。阿瑟·蓋爾布周二在曼哈頓家中去世，享年90歲。
His son Peter Gelb, the general manager of the Metropolitan Opera in New York, said the cause was complications of a stroke.
其子，紐約大都會歌劇院(Metropolitan Opera)總經理彼得·蓋爾布(Peter Gelb)透露，死因系中風併發症。
Hired as a copy boy
in 1944, Mr. Gelb rose to become a singular Times figure in the second
half of the 20th century, leaving a large stamp as critic, chief
cultural correspondent, metropolitan editor, deputy managing editor and
managing editor, the post he held when he retired at the end of 1989.
蓋爾布在1944年被錄用為送稿生(copy boy)，之後一路晉陞，並在20世紀後半葉成為了《紐約時報》獨一無二的人物。他作為評論人、首席文化記者、都市版主編、執行副主編及執行主編，留下了深深的印記。1989年，他在執行主編任上退休。
Marion Ettlinger/Corbis Outline
阿瑟·蓋爾布
No matter the role,
Mr. Gelb, a gangly 6-foot-2, was relentless, fidgety and in-your-face —
whether in passionate response to a potential scoop or in fevered
reaction to the whim of a fellow boss, typically the equally relentless
A. M. Rosenthal, who had been two years his senior at City College and
perpetually a step ahead of him in the Times hierarchy, finally reaching
the newsroom’s top post, executive editor.
瘦高的蓋爾布——身高6英尺2英寸（約1
米88）——無論擔任哪個角色都不知疲倦、躁動不安、咄咄逼人，熱情洋溢地回應可能挖到的猛料時如此，對其他管理層成員的突發奇想做出激烈反應時也是如
此。那些突發奇想的念頭常常來自同樣不知疲倦的A·M·羅森索(A. M. Rosenthal)。羅森索在紐約城市學院(City
College)就讀時比蓋爾布高兩級，之後在時報的管理層級上也總是領先一步。羅森索最終擔任了主編，這是新聞編輯部的最高職務。
Mr. Gelb, writing
for the culture pages, discovered stars in an expanding Off Broadway
universe. His reviews and news coverage helped propel the fledgling
careers of, among others, Woody Allen, Barbra Streisand, Dick Gregory,
Lenny Bruce, Jason Robards, Joseph Papp and Colleen Dewhurst.
蓋爾布在為文化版撰稿時，在日益壯大的外
百老匯發現了許多新星。他的評論和新聞報道對不少嶄露頭角的新星起到了推動作用，其中包括伍迪·艾倫(Woody
Allen)、芭芭拉·史翠珊(Barbra Streisand)、迪克·格雷戈里(Dick Gregory)、蘭尼·布魯斯(Lenny
Bruce)、傑森·羅巴茲(Jason Robards)、約瑟夫·帕普(Joseph Papp)和科琳·杜赫斯特(Colleen
Dewhurst)。
As a top editor he
played a vital role, beginning in the 1970s, in conceiving and executing
daily stand-alone sections — SportsMonday, Science Times, Dining, Home,
Weekend — as well as special magazines on Sundays. All of them expanded
and deepened news coverage while becoming durable vehicles for
advertising in challenging economic times. Other newspapers emulated
them widely.
從上世紀70年代開始，他作為編輯部領導
層之一，在構思和執行一系列單日獨立版面時，扮演了關鍵的角色，如周一體育版(SportsMonday)、科技版(Science
Times)、美食版(Dining)、居家版(Home)、周末版(Weekend)，以及在周日發行的專題雜誌。所有這些嘗試，在擴大和加深新聞報道
的同時，都成為了廣告的持久載體，即使在經濟形勢不佳時也是如此。其他報紙競相效仿這種做法。
Under Mr. Gelb’s watch as metropolitan editor, The Times’s investigation of systemic police corruption, spurred by revelations by Officer Frank Serpico, redeemed the paper’s sometimes gushing embrace of Mayor John V. Lindsay’s administration and led to the creation of the Knapp Commission, which prompted reforms.
在蓋爾布擔任都市版主編任內，時報在弗蘭
克·塞皮科(Frank Serpico)警官披露的情況激發下，對警隊的系統性腐敗進行了調查。這平衡了時報對時任市長約翰·V·林賽(John V.
Lindsay)的政府不時表現出的熱情擁戴，也催生了推行改革的納普委員會(Knapp Commission)。
Arthur Sulzberger
Jr., the publisher of The Times, said in a statement on Tuesday that Mr.
Gelb “brought great energy and insight to our journalism.”
時報出版人小阿瑟·蘇茲伯格(Arthur Sulzberger Jr.)周二在一份聲明中表示，蓋爾布「為我們的新聞報道帶來了巨大的活力和洞見」。
Mr. Gelb also
initiated or oversaw prizewinning investigations that exposed a virulent
American Nazi’s hidden Jewish heritage, a modest suburban girl’s secret
life as a drug addict on the Lower East Side and the illicit provenance
of an ancient Greek vase that had been smuggled out of Italy and
prominently displayed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (whose board
included the paper’s publisher at the time, Arthur O. Sulzberger).
蓋爾布還發起或主管了許多獲獎的調查報
道，如揭露一名歹毒的美國納粹分子背後有鮮為人知的猶太淵源；一名低調的郊區女孩在下東區過着吸毒成癮的隱秘生活；一尊在大都會藝術博物館
(Metropolitan Museum of
Art)突出展示的古希臘花瓶出處並不光彩，是從意大利走私而來。（該博物館的理事會包括當時的時報出版人阿瑟·O·蘇茲伯格[Arthur O.
Sulzberger]。）
Mr. Gelb and Mr.
Rosenthal jointly edited several anthologies of Times articles, columns
and obituaries. They also became embroiled in a well-publicized
controversy over the author Jerzy Kosinski, their friend, whom The
Village Voice accused of plagiarism and other literary crimes in 1982.
蓋爾布和羅森索共同編輯了數冊由時報文章、專欄和訃告組成的文集。他們也捲入了一場涉及他們的朋友，作家耶日·科辛斯基(Jerzy Kosinski)的爭議。《村聲》(The Village Voice)在1982年指稱科辛斯基犯有抄襲等文學罪行。
Attacked for
shielding him, they commissioned a 6,000-word riposte in the Arts &
Leisure section arguing that Mr. Kosinski had been the victim of a smear
campaign engineered by the Communist government of his native Poland.
Years later, reviewing a Kosinski biography, the critic Edward Neuert
wrote on Salon: “It is clear now that Kosinski’s most energetic
construction was his life.”
在被人指責袒護科辛斯基之後，蓋爾布和羅
森索授意在藝術休閑版發表了長達6000單詞的文章進行反駁，稱科辛斯基的祖國波蘭的共產黨政府策划了一場抹黑行動，他是其中的受害者。多年以後，批評家
愛德華·諾伊爾特(Edward Neuert)在Salon網站上寫道：「現在我們清楚了，科辛斯基最有力的構思是自己的生活。」
In his book “Behind
the Times: Inside the New New York Times,” Edwin Diamond, a former
Times reporter, wrote in 1993 that Mr. Rosenthal and Mr. Gelb “were much
too smart to influence a critic to write a puff review,” but that “they
did not hesitate to push for favorable mention of friends in the news
pages.”
時報前記者埃德溫·戴蒙德(Edwin
Diamond)在1993年的著作《時報之後：新紐約時報幕後》(Behind the Times: Inside the New New
York
Times)中寫道，羅森索和蓋爾布「很聰明，不至於會向評論人士施壓，撰寫吹捧的評論」，但是「他們會毫不猶豫地推動，在新聞版面上刊登涉及朋友的正面
報道」。
Known for nurturing
young talent, Mr. Gelb developed a long roster of protégés, including
Maureen Dowd, Paul Goldberger, Ada Louise Huxtable, Michiko Kakutani,
Frank Rich and John Rockwell, the chief rock music critic.
蓋爾布以栽培新秀而著稱，他提攜了很多後
輩，包括莫琳·多德(Maureen Dowd)、保羅·戈德伯格(Paul Goldberger)、艾達·露易絲·赫克斯泰勃爾(Ada
Louise Huxtable)、角谷美智子(Michiko Kakutani)、弗蘭克·里奇(Frank
Rich)，以及首席搖滾樂評人約翰·羅克韋爾(John Rockwell)。
“He has that
surprisingly rare quality in an editor,” the author Renata Adler, a
former Times movie critic, said. “He makes you want to write.”
「他具有一般的編輯身上驚人地罕見的特質，」曾是時報影評人的作家雷納塔·阿德勒(Renata Adler)說。「他能讓你想寫東西。」
He also cultivated a
second career, with his wife, Barbara, as an authority on the
playwright Eugene O’Neill. They published two definitive volumes
testifying to O’Neill’s influence as a major American cultural figure.
他還作為研究劇作家尤金·奧尼爾(Eugene O』Neill)的專家，與妻子芭芭拉共同經營了第二項事業。他們出版了兩本權威著作，闡明了奧尼爾作為美國文化的重要人物所具有的影響力。
Mr. Gelb met
Barbara Stone, the niece of the violinist Jascha Heifetz and the
stepdaughter of The New Yorker writer and playwright S. N. Behrman, in
the Times newsroom, where both were working as clerks. They married in
1946, the same year he graduated from N.Y.U. She survives him. Besides
his son Peter, Mr. Gelb is also survived by another son, Michael, who
designs and builds homes in Massachusetts; four grandchildren (including
David Gelb, who directed the documentary film “Jiro Dreams of Sushi”);
and one great-grandchild.
蓋爾布和芭芭拉·斯通(Barbara
Stone)是在時報編輯部相識的，當時兩人都是時報的小職員。芭芭拉·斯通是小提琴家雅沙·海飛茲(Jascha
Heifetz)的侄女，也是《紐約客》(The New Yorker)作者、劇作家S·N·貝爾曼(S. N.
Behrman)的繼女。阿瑟·蓋爾布與芭芭拉·斯通在1946年結婚，同年蓋爾布從紐約大學畢業。蓋爾布逝後，芭芭拉仍在世。他在世的家人除了兒子彼
得，還有另一個兒子，在馬薩諸塞州設計和建造房屋的邁克爾(Michael)；孫輩四人，包括執導紀錄片《壽司之神》(Jiro Dreams of
Sushi)的戴維·蓋爾布(David Gelb)；以及曾孫輩一人。
Mr. Gelb himself
conceded: “I’m not sure I would have wanted to work for me when I was an
editor. I was well aware that not every reporter was eager to chase
down the countless (if sometimes dubious) leads I proposed — and some
eyed me as though I were some kind of madman.”
蓋爾布承認：「我不敢肯定，自己會不會願意為我這麼一個編輯工作。我很明白，並不是每個記者都會迫不及待地去追我提出的無數線索（那些線索有時可能並不可靠），有人會覺得我彷彿是個瘋子。」
But he remembered getting sweet revenge after one particularly frustrating cat-and-mouse game with his staff.
但是他記得，在與記者進行了一次尤具挫敗感的貓抓老鼠遊戲之後，他得到了自己的甜蜜復仇。
“Just before noon
one day, I walked around the city room asking one reporter after another
if he happened to be free,” he said. “The first four I approached
claimed they were tied up on assignments I’d given them earlier. The
fifth, Peter Millones, allowed that he was available. ‘Here’s a ticket
to the World Series,’ I said.”
「有一天中午之前，我在都市版的編輯部里
問了一個又一個記者，有沒有空，」他說。「我問的前四個人都號稱，在忙活我之前交給他們的任務。第五個人，彼得·米里恩斯(Peter
Millones)說自己能騰出時間來。我說，『給你一張棒球世界大賽(World Series)的票。』」
For all his bravado, he sometimes stopped to take the measure of himself.
儘管他時常言行莽撞，但有時候也會停下來反省。
Once, as an editor, he cornered a reporter and genially began: “You know what the guys say about me ...”
擔任編輯時，他抓住一名記者，和藹地開始問：「你知道他們都怎麼說我嗎……」
“Oh, sure,” the reporter replied matter-of-factly.
那名記者實事求是地說道，「嗯，肯定啊。」
“What?” Mr. Gelb demanded.
蓋爾布追問，「都說什麼？」
Copyright © 2013 The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.
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http://www.answers.com/topic/elton-john
World Aids Day special: Elton John to edit The Independent and i
Guest contributors include Bill Clinton, Elizabeth Taylor, Gary Hume, Jamie Oliver, Stephen Fry and more...
Tuesday, 30 November 2010
In pictures: Elton John edits The Independent and i
Today Sir Elton John will take on the role as Editor for a special World Aids Day issue of The Independent and its newly launched sister paper, i, to be published tomorrow on December 1st, 2010.
All circulation revenues from these one-off editions will go to the Elton John Aids Foundation. Sir Elton will cover news, features and commentary to highlight the plight of Aids suffers around the world.
The special edition also gives a personal insight into Sir Elton John, with an interview of the star by Jimmy Carr, through to his five ultimate heroes. Highlights of this very special issue include:
- Cover by artist Gary Hume
- Stephen Fry on Bwindi Hospital in Uganda
- Bill Clinton on Aids in an age of austerity
- Sir Elton John’s five ultimate heroes
Elton will be unveiling further treats in his special issue this Wednesday.
Elton John said: “I was thrilled to be invited to guest edit The Independent. I’m really looking forward to spending a day in the editor's chair, and I’m pleased to get the chance to put the subject of Aids at the top of the editorial agenda .The Elton John Aids Foundation is very grateful to Evgeny Lebedev and The Independent for the donation of circulation revenues from that days issue.”
Evgeny Lebedev, chairman of The Independent, said: “We are proud to have Elton editing the paper for a day. His Aids foundation has done a lot of important work around the world which I have witnessed first-hand, and we are pleased to be able to help the cause. I’m sure his paper will make people sit up and take notice.”
Simon Kelner said: “Elton has been planning this issue for some time, and he has quite a few surprises in store. From football to music to politics, and, of course, on the subject of Aids, Elton has much to say, and I’m sure The Independent of December 1 will be diverse, entertaining and impactful.”
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