Ovid’s Heroides ("The Heroines") 奧維德的《女英雄書信集》（Heroides）是一部由21首拉丁文哀歌體對句寫成的書信體詩歌集，以第一人稱視角，講述了被拋棄或飽受折磨的神話女性寫給遠方愛人的感人信件。 當庫迪佩Cydippe 前往狄安娜神廟獻祭時，暗戀她的阿孔提烏斯將一個蘋果扔進祭壇，蘋果上寫著：「我以狄安娜神廟的名義發誓，我將嫁給阿孔提烏斯 I will marry Acontius.’ Cydippe。」庫迪佩大聲朗讀了這些話，使之成為莊嚴的誓言。

 

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庫迪佩與阿孔提烏斯的蘋果，

保羅斯·博爾，約1645年-約1655年

荷蘭國家博物館。布面油畫。 151 x 113.5公分。

這幅畫取材自羅馬詩人奧維德的《女傑書簡》。當庫迪佩前往狄安娜神廟獻祭時，暗戀她的阿孔提烏斯將一個蘋果扔進祭壇，蘋果上寫著：「我以狄安娜神廟的名義發誓，我將嫁給阿孔提烏斯。」庫迪佩大聲朗讀了這些話，使之成為莊嚴的誓言。

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Cydippe with the Apple of Acontius,

Paulus Bor, c. 1645 - c. 1655

Rijksmuseum. Oil on canvas. 151 x 113,5 cm.

This scene is taken from the Heroides by the Roman poet Ovid. When Cydippe went to make an offering at the temple of Diana, Acontius, who was secretly in love with her, threw an apple inside with the following words written on it: ‘I swear by the sanctuary of Diana that I will marry Acontius.’ Cydippe read the words aloud, thus turning them into a solemn vow.

人工智慧概述

奧維德的《女英雄書信集》（Heroides）是一部由21首拉丁文哀歌體對句寫成的書信體詩歌集，以第一人稱視角，講述了被拋棄或飽受折磨的神話女性寫給遠方愛人的感人信件。這些「虛構書信」創作於公元前1世紀末，探討了背叛、激情和心理創傷等主題，其中的人物包括狄多、美狄亞和佩涅洛佩。

《女英雄書信集》的關鍵要素：

結構：書信集由15封女英雄寫給男英雄的獨立信件（1-15）組成，之後是6封「雙女英雄書信集」（16-21），講述的是戀人之間的成對通信（例如，帕里斯和海倫）。

人物與主題：書中人物包括佩涅洛佩（寫給尤利西斯）、狄多（寫給埃涅阿斯）和阿里阿德涅（寫給忒修斯），著重描寫了她們在遭受虐待或拋棄後所經歷的情感煎熬、渴望和絕望。

文學創新：奧維德重新詮釋了傳統神話，他著重刻畫女性角色的內心世界和情感視角，而非男性主角的英雄事蹟。

影響：這部作品被認為是現代心理小說和書信體小說的先驅，對後世文學產生了深遠的影響。

作者歸屬：雖然前15篇作品的作者身份已被廣泛接受，但《雙女傑書信集》（16-21篇）和《薩福書信集》（15篇）的作者身份有時仍存在爭議，儘管它們與奧維德的傳統緊密相連。

《女傑書信集》著重寫了愛情帶來的痛苦，以及角色在經歷被拋棄後的掙扎，在當時獨樹一格地聚焦在女性的主體性和情感體驗。

AI Overview

Ovid’s Heroides ("The Heroines") is a collection of 21 epistolary poems written in Latin elegiac couplets, presenting dramatic, first-person letters from abandoned or distressed mythological women to their absent lovers. Written late 1st century BCE, these "fictional letters" explore themes of betrayal, passion, and psychological distress, featuring figures like Dido, Medea, and Penelope. Key Aspects of the Heroides:

• Structure: The collection consists of 15 individual letters (1–15) from heroines to heroes, followed by six "Double Heroides" (16–21), which are paired exchanges between lovers (e.g., Paris and Helen).
• Characters & Themes: Characters include Penelope (to Ulysses), Dido (to Aeneas), and Ariadne (to Theseus), focusing on their emotional turmoil, longing, and despair after being mistreated or abandoned.
• Literary Innovation: Ovid reimagines traditional myths by focusing on the inner, emotional perspective of the female character rather than the heroic action of the male protagonist.
• Impact: The work is considered a precursor to the modern psychological novel and epistolary fiction, heavily influencing later literature.
• Authorship Note: While the first 15 are widely accepted, the authorship of the "Double Heroides" (16–21) and the letter of Sappho (XV) is sometimes debated, though they are firmly linked to the Ovidian tradition. 

The Heroides highlights the intense suffering caused by love, as the characters navigate abandonment, offering a, for its time, unique focus on female subjectivity and emotional experience.