在榮格（Carl Jung）的深度心理學中，「接近靈性經驗」（Approach to the Numinous）被他視為心理治療的真正核心與終極目標。 [
1,
2]
什麼是 Numinous（靈性／神妙感）？
- 源起與定義：這個詞借用了宗教學者魯道夫·奧 Otto（Rudolf Otto）的觀念，指的是一種神祕、敬畏、震懾，且超越日常自我（Ego）的強烈經驗。 [1, 2, 3]
- 特徵：它帶有一種神聖的、非人為能掌控的動態力量，往往會讓人產生「既敬畏恐懼又被深深吸引」的雙重感受（mysterium tremendum et fascinans）。這不一定等於特定宗教的神明，也可能是在大自然、夢境、藝術或生命重大轉折中，人突然接觸到比自我更偉大的存在。 [1, 2, 3]
「我工作的重點不在於治療神經症，而在於
接近靈性。事實上，接近靈性就是真正的治療；只要你能達致靈性的經驗，你就從病理的詛咒中解脫了。甚至連疾病本身，也會帶上靈性的色彩。」 [
1]
- 超越病理學：榮格認為，很多心理痛苦（如神經症、焦慮或空虛）源於人與自身深處（自性，Self）的斷裂。當人只在小小的「自我（Ego）」層面打轉，就會被病徵所困；但若能透過夢境、主動想像（active imagination）或靈性體驗觸及到「靈性」，小我的執念就會被相對化，人便能得到釋放。 [1, 2, 3, 4]
- 個體化過程（Individuation）：接近靈性是榮格心理學中「個體化」的高潮——讓意識與超越小我的無意識深處進行對話，使生命重新獲得意義。 [1, 2]
Carl Jung: "The Real Therapy"
"The main interest of my work is not concerned with the treatment of neurosis but rather the approach to the numinous. But the fact is that the approach to the numinous is the real therapy and inasmuch as you attain to the numinous experiences you are released from pathology." (C.G. Jung, Letter to P.W. Martin, 1945)
The numinous experience is one that is filled with awe and wonder, a feeling of being overwhelmed by something greater, a connection to something spiritual, and/or Divine.
Jung hoped to help his patients experience the numinous. When that is experienced, a rearranged personality will emerge, a more complete and whole person no longer burdened by the pathology of neurosis
Grant Lawrence
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解釋 C G JUNG INTROVERT GOTHE"S
這三個關鍵字串聯了心理學大師卡爾·榮格（C.G. Jung）、他所開創的內向型人格（Introvert）理論，以及他一生的精神偶像與靈感泉源——德國文豪歌德（Goethe）。 [
1]
這三者之間的深層關聯，主要體現在榮格如何透過歌德的作品來闡述、深化他的「內向與外向」人格分析理論：
在榮格的《
心理類型》（Psychological Types）理論中，
內向並非單純指害羞或不擅社交，而是指
心靈能量（Libido）的流向朝內。 [
1,
2]
- 核心特質： 內向者優先關注主觀的內心世界、觀念、反思與情感體驗，而不是外在的客觀人事物。
- 能量來源： 內向者透過獨處、沉思與內省來充實自我，過度的外在刺激（如社交）反而會消耗他們的能量。 [1, 2, 3]
榮格自青少年時期便著迷於歌德。在建構人格類型時，他頻繁借用歌德文學作品中的角色來具象化「內向」與「外向」的對立與平衡： [
1]
- 《普羅米修斯與埃庇米修斯》的隱喻： 榮格在書中引用歌德對這對神話兄弟的描繪。普羅米修斯代表「外向型」，不斷向外開創、改變世界；而埃庇米修斯則代表「內向型」，他是個沉思者，總是向內反省、顧慮重重、與外在保持距離。 [1]
- 《浮士德》與陰影轉化： 歌德的鉅著《浮士德》對榮格的「陰影（Shadow）」與「內在轉化」理論有決定性影響。榮格認為，內向者打破意識自我的執著、潛入集體無意識的「歷史深層」時，就是在經歷一場像浮士德一樣的內心煉金術之旅。 [1, 2, 3]
有趣的是，雖然歌德的作品給了榮格無數關於「內向、內省」的靈感，但榮格在後來的書信與文本分析中，對歌德本人的心理類型判定經歷了思考
。他最終傾向將歌德歸類為「外向直覺情感型」（ENFJ），認為歌德擁有極強的向外創作力與社會適應力，但其內在同時具備極深厚的「內向直覺」作為平衡，這才促成了他文學與科學上的偉大成就。 [
1]
如果你對這個主題想深入了解，我們可以聚焦在特定方向。請問你想知道：
- 榮格《心理類型》中內向者的四種功能（思考、情感、感覺、直覺）如何劃分？
- 歌德的《浮士德》如何具體影響了榮格的心理學（例如陰影或集體無意識）？
- 或者是你個人的 MBTI 測試 與榮格理論的對應關係？ [1, 2]
----
Filmed for the BBC series Face to Face in 1959, this archival interview features Carl Jung at the age of 84, just two years before his death, surveying his life and
reflecting on the collective unconscious, his clash with Freud and humanity’s uncertain future.
-----瑞士精神科醫生卡爾榮格的概念：第三次重生
卡爾·榮格認為，人類會經歷三次重生：
- 第一次重生是肉體的重生
- 第二次重生是自我意識的形成（意識到我們是獨立的個體）
- 第三次重生是達到「靈性意識」的階段
榮格認為，並非每個人都會經歷第三次重生，因為許多人仍然被困在自我模式中。
Carl Jung /
.
"Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves."
.
"Carl Jung, (born July 26, 1875, Kesswil, Switz.—died June 6, 1961, Küsnacht), Swiss psychiatrist. As a youth he read widely in philosophy and theology. After taking his medical degree (1902), he worked in Zürich with Eugen Bleuler on studies of mental illness. From this research emerged Jung’s notion of the complex, or cluster of emotionally charged (and largely unconscious) associations. Between 1907 and 1912 he was Sigmund Freud’s close collaborator and most likely successor, but he broke with Freud over the latter’s insistence on the sexual basis of neuroses. In the succeeding years Jung founded the field of analytic psychology, a response to Freud’s psychoanalysis. Jung advanced the concepts of the introvert and extravert personality, archetypes, and the collective unconscious (the pool of human experience passed from generation to generation). He went on to formulate new psychotherapeutic techniques designed to reacquaint the person with his unique “myth” or place in the collective unconscious, as expressed in dream and imagination. Sometimes dismissed as disguised religion and criticized for its lack of verifiability, Jung’s perspective nonetheless remains influential in religion and literature as well as psychiatry. His important works include The Psychology of the Unconscious (1912; revised as Symbols of Transformation), Psychological Types (1921), Psychology and Religion (1938), and Memories, Dreams, Reflections (1962)."“我們對他人的所有不滿，都能幫助我們更好地了解自己。”
卡爾‧榮格（Carl Jung，1875年7月26日生於瑞士凱斯維爾，1961年6月6日卒於瑞士屈斯納赫特），瑞士精神科醫師。他年輕時廣泛閱讀哲學和神學著作。 1902年獲得醫學學位後，他在蘇黎世與歐根·布洛伊勒（Eugen Bleuler）合作研究精神疾病。榮格的「情結」概念由此產生，即情感豐富的（且大多是無意識的）聯想群。 1907年至1912年間，他是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的親密合作者，也是弗洛伊德最有可能的繼任者，但他因弗洛伊德堅持神經症的性基礎而與其決裂。此後，榮格創立了分析心理學領域，以回應佛洛伊德的精神分析。榮格提出了內向型和外向型人格、原型以及集體無意識（代代相傳的人類經驗）等概念。他繼續發展並提出了新的理論。榮格的心理治療技術旨在幫助個體重新認識其在集體無意識中的獨特「神話」或位置，這種認識體現在夢境和想像中。儘管榮格的理論有時被視為偽裝的宗教，並因其缺乏可驗證性而受到批評，但它在宗教、文學以及精神病學領域仍然具有深遠的影響。他的重要著作包括《無意識心理學》（1912年；修訂版為《轉化的象徵》）、《心理類型》（1921年）、《心理學與宗教》（1938年）以及《回憶、夢與反思》（1962年）。
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung's Concept: Third Birth
Carl Jung believed human beings are born three times:
- The 1st birth is the physical birth
- The 2nd birth is when our ego comes into play (realizing we are individuals)
- The 3rd birth is when we come to 'spiritual consciousness'
Jung believed not everyone will go through their third birth because many stay stuck in ego patterns.
Carl Jung (1975~1961) - Face to Face. 《榮格自傳 : 回憶.夢.省思》MEMORIES, DREAMS, REFLECTIONS/《 象徵生活 》THE SYMBOLIC LIFE作品及 The Essential Jung/The Basic Writings of C. G. Jung..... 合著：Man and His Symbols
26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and psychologist who founded the school of analytical psychology.
We can look to Jung's RED BOOK as the source of many of his most important ideas.
The Red Book is the primary record of Jung's experiments in active imagination after his break with Freud.
It combines calligraphic German text and paintings documenting dialogues with his inner guides, especially Philemon and Salome.
These became the source material for psychological concepts including:
Psyche’s autonomy
The collective unconscious
The transcendent function
Individuation.
Carl Jung 作品集，英文、漢文的，我都有許多本。普林斯頓的英文文集，由美國女富豪--Jung的崇拜者--所支助的。
1974-75年，我在東海大學圖書館讀到他與朋友合著的 人類及其象徵 Man and His Symbols，英文精裝本，翻讀幾頁，頗受震憾。1978年，在英國倫敦的Design Museum看到它，不忘補充一本。可惜這本書後來借給朋友，流失了.....80年代中，台灣有譯本，我也補一本英文平裝本，沒味道。。
Carl Gustav Jung died on June 6th 1961. He saw himself as an empirical scientist whose sole professional interest lay in the workings of the psyche. He believed⋯⋯
更多Carl Jung died on this day in 1961
https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=105&v=FPGMWF7kU_8
Carl Jung - Face to Face
John Freeman interviews Carl Gustav Jung, the most famous living psychologist, at his home in Zürich. We learn about Jung's early life, including the moment in his eleventh year when he realized he was an individual consciousness. Jung speaks about his friendship with Sigmund Freud, and explains why the friendship could not last. Jung is asked about his belief in God, and Jung can only respond that there is no belief: he knows. And, he says, he knows - knows, not believes - that death is not an end. Finally, Jung forecasts what he thinks will happen to mankind and describes what man needs to survive.
Carl Jung 作品集，英文、漢文的，我都有許多本。普林斯頓的英文文集，由美國女富豪--Jung的崇拜者--所支助的。
1974-75年，我在東海大學圖書館讀到他與朋友合著的
人類及其象徵 Man and His Symbols，英文精裝本，翻讀幾頁，頗受震憾。1978年，在英國倫敦的Design Museum看到它，不忘補充一本。可惜這本書後來借給朋友，流失了.....80年代中，台灣有譯本，我也補一本英文平裝本，沒味道。。
https://monoskop.org/.../Von_Franz_Luise_Marie_Jung_Gustav_Carl_Man_and_His_Sy...
invited me to interview for British television Dr. Carl Gustav Jung. The interview .... tion that uses the symbols common to ajl mankind, but that uses them on every ...books.google.com.tw/books?isbn=0307800555
Illustrated throughout with revealing images, this is the first and only work in which the world-famous Swiss psychologist explains to the layperson his enormously influential theory of symbolism as revealed in dreams.前幾年買過
The Portable Jung7 customer reviews- Series: Modern Library
- Hardcover: 736 pages
- Publisher: Modern Library (October 26, 1993)
- Language: English
In exploring the manifestations of human spiritual experience both in the imaginative activities of the individual and in the formation of mythologies and of religious symbolism in various cultures, C. G. Jung laid the groundwork for a psychology of the spirit. The excerpts here illuminate the concept of the unconscious, the central pillar of his work, and display ample evidence of the spontaneous spiritual and religious activities of the human mind. This compact volume will serve as an ideal introduction to Jung's basic concepts.
Part I of this book, "On the Nature and Functioning of the Psyche," contains material from four works: "Symbols of Transformation," "On the Nature of the Psyche," "The Relations between the Ego and the Unconscious," and "Psychological Types." Also included in Part I are "Archetypes of the Collective Unconscious" and "Psychological Aspects of the Mother Archetype."
Part II, "On Pathology and Therapy," includes "On the Nature of Dreams," "On the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia," and selections from "Psychology of the Transference." In Part III appear "Introduction to the Religious and Psychological Problems of Alchemy" and two sections of "Psychology and Religion."
Part IV, called "On Human Development," consists of the essay "Marriage as a Psychological Relationship."
榮格透過探索人類精神經驗在不同文化中的表現形式，包括個體的想像活動以及神話和宗教象徵的形成，為精神心理學奠定了基礎。本書摘錄闡明了無意識的概念——這是榮格著作的核心支柱——並充分展現了人類心靈自發的精神和宗教活動。這本精簡的著作將是了解榮格基本概念的理想入門書。
本書第一部分「論心靈的本質與功能」收錄了榮格四本著作的內容，分別是：《轉化的象徵》、《論心靈的本質》、《自我與無意識的關係》和《心理類型》。此外，第一部分還包括《集體無意識的原型》和《母親原型的心理層面》。
第二部分「論病理學與治療」包括《論夢的本質》、《論精神分裂症的發病機制》以及《移情心理學》的節錄。第三部分收錄了《煉金術的宗教與心理問題導論》以及《心理學與宗教》的兩個章節。
‘Alchemists have been often written about as failed scientists, crippled by their spiritual beliefs, or as mystical philosophers whose hours at the athanor are beneath
notice. This philosophy can be tricky to pin down: partly because it changed shape, especially during the Renaissance, when translations of Neoplatonist and Gnostic texts from Greek and Arabic appeared, and partly because it differed from alchemist to alchemist. But at its core were the teachings of Hermes Trismegistus, a mythic composite of the Greek god Hermes and the Egyptian moon-god Thoth.
The most popular source for Hermes’ teachings was the 𝘌𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘥 𝘛𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘵, a cryptic text which spread through Europe after it was translated into Latin in the 12th century. Its best-known line (“What is below is like what is above, and what is above is like what is below”) encapsulates the Hermetic view of reality, in which the microcosmic mirrors the macrocosmic: smaller systems reflect larger systems, at every scale. Chemical reactions reflect human dramas, which reflect celestial movements, which reflect the mind of the divine.
Hermes goes on: “All things came from the One ... All things are born from this One by adaptation ... This is the force of all forces, for it overcomes all that is subtle and penetrates solid things.” The alchemist’s lab work and the philosophy were inextricable: working with material substances was a sacred endeavour, because matter and spirit were modalities of the same substance.’
Nick Richardson on alchemy, from our latest issue.
第四部分「論人類發展」包含文章《婚姻作為一種心理關係》。
人們常將煉金術士描述為失敗的科學家，被其精神信念所束縛；或將其視為在煉金術爐旁虛度光陰的神秘哲學家。這種哲學難以捉摸：部分原因是它不斷演變，尤其是在文藝復興時期，當時希臘語和阿拉伯語的新柏拉圖主義和諾斯替主義文本的譯本出現；部分原因是不同的煉金術士之間存在差異。但其核心是赫爾墨斯·特里斯墨吉斯忒斯的教誨，他是希臘神赫爾墨斯和埃及月神托特的神話化身。
赫爾墨斯教誨最廣為流傳的來源是《赫爾墨斯·特里斯墨吉斯忒斯》（Emmarth Trismegistus），這是一部晦澀難懂的文本，在12世紀被翻譯成拉丁文後，在歐洲廣為流傳。其中最著名的一句（「下如上，上如下」）概括了赫爾墨斯主義的現實觀，即微觀世界反映宏觀世界：較小的系統反映較大的系統，在各個尺度上皆是如此。化學反應反映人類的戲劇，人類的戲劇反映天體的運行，天體的運行反映神性的心智。
赫爾墨斯繼續說：「萬物皆源自於一……萬物皆由一而生，並經適應而來……這是萬力之源，因為它能戰勝一切微妙之物，並能穿透一切堅實之物。」煉金術士的實驗室工作與哲學密不可分：對物質的運用是一項神聖的事業，因為物質和精神是同一實體的不同形態。
尼克理查森論煉金術，摘自最新一期。
Image: Mercurius, from a Rosicrucian compendium (1760).
2013.11.13 許達然老師贈這本
The Essential Jung: Selected Writings Introduced by Anthony Storr
Princeton University Press, 1999 -
Psychology -
447 pages
This volume presents the essentials of Jung's thought in his own words. To familiarize readers with the ideas for which Jung is best known, the British psychiatrist and writer Anthony Storr has selected extracts from Jung's writings that pinpoint his many original contributions and relate the development of his thought to his biography. Dr. Storr has prefaced each extract with explanatory notes. These notes link the extracts, and with Dr. Storr's introduction, they show the progress and coherence of Jung's ideas, including such concepts as the collective unconscious, the archetypes, introversion and extroversion, individuation, and Jung's view of integration as the goal of the development of the personality.
Man and His Symbols
2015.8.15
半個多世紀前，BBC的某記者訪談晚年的容格Carl Jung (YouTube)。我忘不了記者問：你信神嗎？Jung 竟然無法回答或不敢說，只說他小時上教堂，虔誠，現在他架構的系統/想法，可以不用"神"這概念。Jung 的美國女富豪信士，絕對無法接受無神論者？
Would Voters Entrust The White House To An Atheist?Many Americans say they would not vote for an atheist for president. It's…
WWW.NPR.ORG
~~~~~
...Shortly after my visit, Jung appeared on an hour-long BBC television program called
Face to Face. He was interviewed by a Labour Member of Parliament called John Freeman (who later became the Governor General of Australia for services rendered to British
politics.) Freeman was a tough interviewer. Well-informed and rational to a fault, Freeman was an aggressive interviewer pushing Jung hard to explain and rationally support his belief in a multi-layered human psyche. Patiently, Jung – who together with Sigmund
Freud pioneered the innovative medical art of psychiatry in the first years of the 20th Century – explained how the objective and subjective aspects of consciousness worked together. How the senses, supported by intellect and the powers of reason introduced the existential ‘realities' of the outside world ... while the
intuition, supported by the powers of imagination and the
unconscious, brought an inner realm of awareness into play; one which largely introduced a highly individual self awareness and attitude to our very existence.
Such, Jung explained, constituted the dual
nature of consciousness, and was responsible for the process of individuation which took each one of us on our own solitary path through life for good or ill.
Gradually, the viewer noticed, Freeman was doing more listening than talking. His demeanor had changed. He was nodding his head from time to time, obviously impressed by Jung's discussion of these mental attributes possessed by the human psyche. The last question he shot at Jung was: "Well, Dr. Jung, do you believe in God?" Jung paused for a moment, and then said: "No, Mr. Freeman. I don't believe. I know.'' It took but an hour for this distinguished politician to both feel and know the credibility of Jung's position as both doctor and mental healer. He became a close friend, visiting Jung in Basel, and was responsible for persuading him to write a popular book for the layman entitled
Man and His Symbols. In my book,
What the Hell Are the Neurons Up To?,
I write extensively about the relationship between Freud and Jung and their divergent beliefs and
psychiatric practices: and about Bruno Bettelheim's revelatory book,
Freud and Man's Soul.
Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves."
--from MEMORIES, DREAMS, REFLECTIONS (1963) by
Carl JungAn eye-opening biography of one of the most influential psychiatrists of the modern age, drawing from his lectures, conversations, and own writings. In the spring of 1957, when he was eighty-one years old, Carl Gustav Jung undertook the telling of his life story. Memories, Dreams, Reflections is that book, composed of conversations with his colleague and friend Aniela Jaffé, as well as chapters written in his own hand, and other materials. Jung continued to work on the final stages of the manuscript until shortly before his death on June 6, 1961, making this a uniquely comprehensive reflection on a remarkable life. Fully corrected, this edition also includes Jung’s VII Sermones ad Mortuos
這MEMORIES, DREAMS, REFLECTIONS是本很令人深省的回憶錄
書名: 榮格自傳 : 回憶.夢.省思 / 榮格(C.G. Jung)原著; 劉國彬,楊德友合譯
臺北市 : 張老師, 1997[民86]
本書是分析心理學大師榮格豐富的畢生回憶錄榮格說：「我的一生是一個潛意識充分發揮的故事……」這種罕有旅程的誠摯傳記記錄他終生無止盡的困惑、疑沮與不 快樂完成了一本深具思想史意義的獨特自傳。「生命就像以根莖來延續生命的植物，真正的生命是看不見、深藏於根莖的；露出地面的部分生命，只能延續一個夏 季，然後凋謝。然而，我從未失去的是埋藏於內心深處的潛意識，它持續地在永恆的流動中生存；我的夢境、各種幻覺猶如火紅的岩漿，於是，我欲加工的生命在其 中被賦予了形狀。」——榮格
Full text of "Memories Dreams Reflections"9 113219 MEMORIES, DREAMS, REFLECTIONS by C. G.Jung RECORDED AND EDITED BY Aniela Jaffe TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN BY Richard and Clara Winston REVISED ...
- 作者：[瑞士]卡爾‧古斯塔夫‧榮格
- 出版日期：2011年
《象征生活》是榮格晚年的一部作品集，其中主要內容為榮格的一些系列講座的講演錄，因此它也被視成榮格對自己思想的一種簡潔通俗的概括和表達。在本書中， 榮格對意識、潛意識問題以及感覺、直覺、思維、情感等各種心理機能做出了自己獨特的界定和闡述。全書圖文並茂、深入淺出，生動有趣，具有很強的可讀性和研 究價值，可謂了解榮格基本思想的必讀之書。
卡爾‧古斯塔夫‧榮格 (Carl G. Jung , 1875－1961)瑞士心理學家和精神分析醫師，分析心理學的創立者，動力心理學的鼻祖之一。畢生致力于人類心靈奧秘的探索。一生著述浩繁，思想博大精 深。他所創立的集體無意識理論不僅在心理治療中成為獨樹一幟的學派，而且對哲學、心理學、文化人類學、文學、藝術、宗教、倫理學、教育等諸多領域產生了廣 泛而深刻的影響。
英文版出版說明
第一部分 泰維斯托克系列講演錄（1935）——分析心理學的理論與實踐
泰維斯托克系列講演錄?版說明
第一版前言
第一講
討論
第二講
討論
第三講
討論
第四講
討論
第五講
討論
第二部分 象征與夢的解析（1961）
一、夢的意義
二、潛意識的功能
三、夢的語言
四、夢的解析中的類型問題
五、夢的象征的原型
六、宗教象征的功能
七、重建精神的統一
第三部分 象征生活（1939）
一、象征生活
二、討論
譯後記
參考文獻
