Directed by Zhu Yunyi, Transparent joins original series Poetic License, as Tilda Swinton takes a slow, meditative journey into Derek Jarman’s poem Chroma during a visit to Beijing. A lyrical voyage through the color spectrum, written as he began to lose his sight, Swinton reads Jarman’s words through the tapestry of memories and desires carried in its verses, reminiscing on their friendship and the lasting legacy of Jarman’s poetry and image-making over an afternoon in the Chinese city.
我覺得可以說中國這個文化有一個特色，我在我的新書《論天
人之際》裡面講到這個。德國哲學家卡爾·雅斯貝爾斯(Karl Theodor
Jaspers)認為，人類各大文明大約在公元前800年到400年之間有一個精神的覺醒，使得人類社會超脫於原始的宗教信仰，各自建立了哲學或者宗教的
傾向。他提到了最重要的四個文明，以色列文明、希臘文明、印度文明和中國文明。它們都各有特色，且在一段時間內都得以保存，這就是軸心時代。
高雄女中之前就"信教" 用讀英文逃避家庭社會 (白色恐怖的犧牲者) 保送東海--畢業論文"白鯨記" 的邊緣人物之救贖 恩師 Anne Cochran 美國普林斯頓受教 耶魯大學的師生互動 ---- 此書有中英文本:Journey through the white terror: a daughter's memoir - Google 圖書結果Kang-i Sun Chang - 2006 - History - 178 頁 The reason I chose to enter Tunghai University's English Department was ... My advising professor Anne Cochran was afraid it would be impossible for me to ...
筆者利用在哈佛大學進行學術研究的機會，對當代著名華裔漢學家、耶魯大學孫康宜教授作了訪談。孫康宜祖籍天津，1944年生於北京，台灣東海大學外文系畢業，後進入台灣大學攻讀美國文學。1968年到美國留學，先後獲圖書館學、英國文學、東亞研究等碩士學位，1978年獲普林斯頓大學文學博士學位。曾任普林斯頓大學葛斯德東方圖書館館長，現任耶魯大學東亞語言文學系教授和東亞研究所主任。孫康宜的研究領域跨越中國古典文學、傳統女性文學、比較詩學、文學批評、性別研究、釋經學、文化美學等多個領域，有中英文學術專著多種，其中包括英文著作Women Writers of Traditional China ： An Anthology of Poetry and Criticism（Co-editor， with Haun Saussy），The Late-Ming Poet Ch'en Tzu-lung： Crises of Love and Loyalism，Six Dynasties Poetry，The Evolution of Chinese Tz＇u Poetry： From Late T＇ang to Northern Sung等八種,中文著作有《陳子龍柳如是詩詞情緣》?《耶魯潛學集》?《古典與現代的女性闡釋》?《文學經典的挑戰》?《我看美國精神》 ?《把苦難收入行囊》等十二種?先後獲得懷特人文學科最高榮譽獎金?美國高等教育基金會獎金?美國國家人文學科基金會獎金等,還在國際上擔任多種學術兼職?孫康宜教授在訪談中談到了自己不平凡的成長?求學及事業發展歷程,對中國古代文學的深刻體悟,對美國社會?美國精神的觀察和認識?自己的宗教信仰及其在生命中的位置,對古今女性問題的看法,對美國教育體制的切身體會,以及自己未來的學術計劃和中美文化交流等問題。
問：孫康宜教授，不知您還記得否，我們第一次見面是2001年8月在北京您參加由王寧教授協調、由清華大學和耶魯大學聯合舉辦的“第二屆中美比較文學雙邊討論會”上，我們一起和希利斯·米勒、邁克爾·霍奎斯特在西郊賓館合影留念，我至今還珍存著那張照片。第二次見面是在２００５年您應王寧教授之邀到清華大學作題為“新的文學史可能嗎？”（“Is A New Literary History Possible？”）的演講。這一晃就是好多年了，您還是那麼身體健康、神采奕奕。您的研究領域跨越中國古典文學、傳統女性文學、比較詩學、文學批評、性別研究、釋經學、文化美學等多個領域，並在各個領域都取得了很大成就；我也注意到，在美國求學期間，您不光研修中國古典文學，而且還兼修比較文學、英國文學甚至“圖書館科學”（Library Science）。請問您是如何貫通這些不同領域的？為什麼要學習這麼多的領域？是因為它們之間有著某種內在的聯繫呢還是興趣使然？
之後，我繼續我的英國文學專業，因為我一直喜歡研究比較文學。但在唸書的過程中，我突然有種尋根的慾望，這種慾望如此強烈以致於自己想把中西文學兩個專業都專攻一下（這樣的感受在《文學經典的挑戰》的序裡也談到了），我當時選修了六十二個學分（一般學生只需選修三十二學分），所以我的專業有英文系和東亞文學專業。然而，當時還是以東亞專業為主，因為我以為若不把東亞的東西先弄懂，以後再做比較文學就比較難了。後來，我很想在母校普林斯頓大學的東方圖書館里當館長。當我和老師牟復禮教授（Prof. Frederick W. Mote）談到這事時，他很遺憾地說：“你是普林斯頓的校友，我們當然很歡迎你來做館長，但是可惜你沒有圖書館的學位呀？——因為按照規定圖書館館長要有圖書館專業的學位的。”我說：“我有啊，怎麼沒有？”於是，我才告訴牟教授有關我曾經攻讀圖書館學位的經歷。後來，我就繼承了原來胡適做過的那份工作。但是，剛剛做了一個月，我就知道自己選擇錯誤了，因為我原來以為館長的工作整天都是讀書，其實不是的。胡適的那個時代已經過去了，他當館長的那個年頭等於好好讀了兩年書，但現在情況不同了，館長整天都要處理行政。書，近在眼前，遠在天邊，幾乎沒有讀書的機會，所以最後我決定只做一年的圖書館館長的工作。之後，我就到耶魯來了，一口氣乾了二十五年，從來沒有離開過。
答：我說一句真心話，我從不認為我是被歧視的人。大概是我小時候受難很多，到了美國來之後，我從來沒感覺到自己被壓迫過，從來不覺得自己是亞裔而被壓迫，或是作為女性被壓迫。我甚至覺得自己經常得到好處。當然，美國人有些偏見也是真的，但是，如果把什麼問題都推向偏見，那麼，對個人的發展是一個局限。比如說，有很多女的，她拿不到學位，就說那是因為性別偏見，就告學校；或者有一些亞裔在和別人的競爭中爭不過人家，就說是種族偏見。我認為一般說來，美國人還是公平的，這是到現在為止，我仍然堅持的看法。這讓我想起了基辛格（Henry Kissinger），他說過：“世界上有哪個國家會像美國這樣聘一個德國移民、一個英語都講不好的人來做國務卿（Secretary of State）？”他自己對這種事情都非常感動，我個人也這樣看。我們的同胞千萬不要以為我崇洋，我的確是將心比心。
答：我覺得四十年來美國精神變得很多，但並不是所有的變化都是壞的。那麼，什麼是美國精神，第一個就是獨立精神。中國人常常依賴家庭，找工作時，會想到要找哪個親戚幫忙啊？在中國，如果是一個校長的兒子，那就真的了不得，校長會出面為自己的兒子做很多事情，但是，在美國，他會有意避嫌。比如，我有一個耶魯學生叫Ben Beinecke。我一直猜想他大概就是有錢人家Beinecke（就是捐贈Beinecke善本書圖書館的那家人）的後代。後來，我們關係很熟了，有一天我們在一起吃飯，我忍不住就問：你是不是和Beinecke那家人有關係，他很害羞地說：“是呀，捐贈圖書館的人就是我的曾祖父Frederick W. Beinecke，以及他的哥哥Edwin J. Beinecke和弟弟Walter Beinecke。”當時我正在寫一篇有關Beinecke圖書館的文章，就請Ben給我一些資料，這時他才提供給我幾本他祖父所寫有關曾祖父的書籍以及曾祖父本人的藏書，但他一直十分低調，也從來不會誇口說，我是有名的Beinecke的曾孫。後來他去中國大陸參觀，我問他有什麼體會？他告訴我，他到中國旅遊，故意帶很少的錢，主要想學習在艱難中刻苦自立。為了繼續學習中文，他2005年的秋天到北京去。學期結束後，他先飛到成都，又想去西藏，就一路與哥哥和朋友從四川騎摩托車往拉薩去。有一次在路上車給壞掉了，身上也沒有很多的錢，他只好把摩托車賣給當地的西藏人，又添些錢再買一輛，又繼續騎車，折騰了兩個禮拜才到拉薩。回美國後，他很高興地跟我說：“我收穫很大呀。”這就是美國精神，也就是努力往前走的精神。我從前在台灣，受到很多的束縛，到了這裡我才開始感覺到自己奮鬥的精神，只要努力，朝自己的理想走去，一定會有回報的。一直到現在，這種美國精神還存在。 其次，美國人很尊重個人，我覺得很好，他們很少故意說一些讓人家過不去的話，也很少在人背後說長短。還有一點，美國人通常不念舊惡。比如，我得罪他了，但是，事情過去就過去了，不會再去想：啊呀，三年前他得罪過我，怎麼怎麼。這一點我很欣賞。只要一直往前走，不要管其他。我看基督教的清教徒的精神，也指的是這種簡單而實在的生活態度。如果你到美國人家裡參觀，你會發現他們的生活很簡單樸素。
答：我們的文學史，基本上是有關文學的文化史（a history of literary culture）。另外，我們希望用講故事的方法來講文學史。主要針對英文的通俗讀者。他們一般對於中國文學、中國文化懂得不多，但又想了解一些，所以我們的文學史主要是給這樣的讀者和學生看的。用的是一個講故事的綜合論述的方法，不是什麼明、清小說史、明、清戲劇史、明、清詩歌史等。它基本上按照年代編排，因為我們相信這樣才是真正的文學史。到目前為止，屬於這一系列的《劍橋俄國文學史》、《劍橋德國文學史》、《劍橋意大利文學史》都已經出來了，而中國的還沒有，我們就在做這樣的工作。同時，我們也希望不要總是把政治和文學混為一談。比如，一般的中國文學史，大多把政治的潮流和文學的發展等同，而我們認為，文學有自身的發展歷程，這種發展，有時和政治無關，和朝代也無關——因為你換朝代了，文學不一定跟著改變，文學改變了，也不一定要換朝代，這就是我們的文學視角。比如說1400年左右，這一時期的文學發生了什麼變化？這是永樂初年，是文人開始大寫臺閣體詩文的時候，又有《永樂大典》的盛事，但它並不是明朝的開始。當然，我們也不能說文學完全和朝代的變換無關。我們還是很重視朝代的，但只能說文學和政治有關，但並非等同。我們的重點是文學的發展，以文化文學史的角度來寫的。至於什麼時候出版？只能說愈快愈好。明年就要送稿了。
我在2004年寫的：
馬龍‧白蘭度 過世
Paul Newman Bringing intense emotion and raw improvisation to his performance, Brando's talent was said to have outshone his classmates, who included Marilyn Monroe, Shelley Winters and Rod Steiger.
Paul Newman, who was also learning to act at that time, said: "I'm angry at Marlon because he does everything so easily.
"I have to break my ass to do what he can do with his eyes closed."
影星保羅紐曼：「我很氣他（馬龍‧白蘭度），因為他演什麼都易如反掌。他閉著眼也做得到的，我要拼了命才做到。」 這最讓我想到：
「……(Fred) Rogers請著名的音樂家馬友友來演奏大提琴，馬友友一開始就閉著眼睛在拉琴，好像很陶醉的樣子；女兒於是拍手叫道：『真好，他在睡覺也能演奏，Good for him!』。」（p.432；孫康宜《「童化」與「教化」》載《慶祝施蟄存教授百歲華誕文集》pp.430-34）
47 years ago, #MrRogers testified before the Senate Subcommittee on Communications to save funding for public media.#ItsABeautifulDay to thank him for his contributions.
Neighborly folk took to social media Friday to pay tribute to Fred Rogers, by…
PBS.ORG
Fred Rogers
Television personality
Fred McFeely Rogers was an American television personality, educator, Presbyterian minister, composer, songwriter, author, and activist.Wikipedia Born: March 20, 1928, Latrobe, Pennsylvania, United States
Knowing that we can be loved exactly as we are gives us all the best opportunity for growing into the healthiest of people.
Play is often talked about as if it were a relief from serious learning. But for children play is serious learning. Play is really the work of childhood.
How sad it is that we give up on people who are just like us.
Tyler is something else. He's a writer who loves blue jeans, camping, hamburgers and rock and roll. You can read about his fascinating life at The Unbearable Lightness of Huckabeing, or read every... Read More
If you haven't seen it, Fred Rogers' acceptance speech for a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 1997 Emmys is a fascinating watch. After being introduced as "the best neighbor any of us has ever had," by Tim Robbins, Mr. Rogers takes the stage amidst uproarious applause. A humble, gray Presbyterian minister being heralded as a hero on television's flashiest night—he sticks out, not just by virtue of his age, but also a sort of sheepish grace. This man does not have a false bone in his body.
What happens next is probably singular among award shows. Mr. Rogers steps up to the microphone, and issues an order. "Would you just take, along with me, 10 seconds to think of the people who have helped you become who you are? Those who have cared about you and wanted what was best for you in life. I'll watch the time."
At first people chuckle a little—is he serious? But as he looks down at his watch, you can see that he clearly is, and the hall falls silent. And then, as the camera pans the room, you see that he's working that old magic of his. People are biting their lips. Mascara is running. It took this gentle, kindly host of a children's program a mere 10 seconds to strip a television award show of its pomp and circumstance, injecting a moment of real, beautiful feeling into it. Speedy delivery, indeed.
Eleven years ago today, Fred Rogers passed away quietly in his Pittsburgh home, and America lost its favorite neighbor.
It's hard to know how to approach Mr. Rogers' legacy without bursting into fanboy gushing. Nostalgia is big these days, and it's easy to prattle on about Space Jam or Pokemon and how much they meant to you when you were a kid, and there's nothing wrong with it. But for people of a certain age, Mister Rogers' Neighborhood remains in its own stratosphere of childhood memories. Other shows may have been more educational, funnier or more creative, but none of them had Mr. Rogers. He was, in every way, the real deal; a genuinely warm presence who spoke to you as if you were sitting on his knee. There wasn't a hint of marketing sheen or focus groups in the show—just an elderly man who loved children. It was not in any way an act. "One of the greatest gifts you can give anybody is the gift of your honest self," he once said. He lived that out every second of his show.
There's been a recent backlash against how frequently this generation has heard that it's "special," and maybe some of that is deserved. But when Mr. Rogers called you special, it didn't feel like entitlement or mindless praise. It felt more like a responsibility—like he was reminding you to live up to something. And even when you didn't live up to it, he was still there with those simple words that, even now, carry an awful lot of emotional heft: "I like you just the way you are."
"One of the greatest gifts you can give anybody is the gift of your honest self"
When asked why he started the show, he famously told CNN "I went into television because I hated it so, and I thought there's some way of using this fabulous instrument to nurture those who would watch and listen," which is something many of us would do well to think on still today. The show took root and became one of the most acclaimed children's shows of all time.
In the years since his death, his legend has grown. Some people say he wore cardigans to cover up his tattoos (false.) Some say he started every morning by skinny dipping (true.) Instead of adding to the myth, we'll turn the microphone over to him. Here are a few of his own thoughts on love, community and being a neighbor.
In His Own Words
"We live in a world in which we need to share responsibility. It's easy to say, 'It's not my child, not my community, not my world, not my problem.' Then there are those who see the need and respond. I consider those people my heroes."
—Spoken in 1994, quoted in his obituary in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
“You know, I think everybody longs to be loved, and longs to know that he or she is lovable. And, consequently, the greatest thing that we can do is to help somebody know that they're loved and capable of loving.”
"I believe that appreciation is a holy thing, that when we look for what's best in the person we happen to be with at the moment, we're doing what God does; so in appreciating our neighbor, we're participating in something truly sacred.
—Commencement Address at Middlebury College May, 2001
“What do you think it is that drives people to want far more than they could ever use or need? I frankly think it's insecurity. How do we let the world know that the trappings of this life are not the things that are ultimately important for being accepted?”
From The World According to Mister Rogers:
"There is no normal life that is free of pain. It's the very wrestling with our problems that can be the impetus for our growth.”
“Love isn't a state of perfect caring. It is an active noun like struggle. To love someone is to strive to accept that person exactly the way he or she is, right here and now.”
“Love isn't a state of perfect caring. It is an active noun like struggle."
