我們從Kenneth Clark 的The Romantic Rebellion: Romantic Versus Classic Art.的Théodore Géricault 畫家傑利柯Théodore Géricault’及其名作《梅杜薩之筏》（Le Radeau de La Méduse）介紹和雨果小說中分別遇到Méduse 在血腥的六月起義期間，當革命者在街壘上面臨幾乎必死的命運時，雨果寫道，岌岌可危的街壘不可避免地變成了「美杜莎之筏」（le radeau de la Méduse）(《悲慘世界》)。他用這個比喻象徵飢餓、絕望和徹底的絕望。

"雨果的小說已進入第五册，快要回夲了。今天讀到一段起義的市民缺乏食物的一段話: 堅持的街壘不免要成為墨杜薩木排了。大家免不了要忍饑挨餓。云云。"

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Yes, renowned art historian Kenneth Clark introduced Théodore Géricault in his book and television series The Romantic Rebellion: Romantic Versus Classic Art. [1, 2]

Through this work, Clark contrasts the Neoclassical and Romantic movements, dedicating a full chapter to Géricault (alongside artists like Delacroix, Turner, and Goya) to highlight his role as a pioneer of French Romanticism and his pursuit of emotional, lived experiences. [1, 2, 3]

For further reading on Clark's specific analysis of the artist, you can explore the book on Goodreads or watch clips of the original documentary series on YouTube. [1, 2]

Théodore Géricault’s monumental 1819 painting Le Radeau de La Méduse (The Raft of the Medusa) was painted to depict the horrific aftermath of a real-life French naval


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「墨杜薩木排」通常是指法國浪漫主義畫家傑利柯的名作《梅杜薩之筏》（Le Radeau de La Méduse），此詞常被誤譯或諧音為墨杜薩。 [1]

這幅巨作描繪了1816年法國巡防艦「梅杜薩號」在西非外海觸礁沉沒後，147名船員被迫擠上自製木排漂流13天的慘劇。在歷經飢餓、瘋狂與同類相食後，最終僅15人倖存。該事件因船長無能且棄船逃跑，引發了當時法國極大的政治醜聞。 [1, 2]

目前這幅歷史名作收藏於羅浮宮官方網站中，詳細的歷史背景與畫作分析可參閱《梅杜薩之筏》：黑暗中的希望。 [1, 2]

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(註：若您詢問的是遊戲《賽爾號》中的超能系精靈「墨杜薩」，其詳細打法與技能可參考4399賽爾号BOSS墨杜薩介紹及攻略。) [1, 2]

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Victor Hugo does not have a character or creature named Méduse (Medusa) acting as a central figure in his novels. However, the term appears in his famous works in two distinct ways: as a literary metaphor and as a reference to a historical shipwreck. [1, 2]

在1862年的傑作《悲慘世界》中，雨果引用了臭名昭著的法國護衛艦「美杜莎號」沉船事件來描繪絕望的時刻。

比喻：在血腥的六月起義期間，當革命者在街壘上面臨幾乎必死的命運時，雨果寫道，岌岌可危的街壘不可避免地變成了「美杜莎之筏」（le radeau de la Méduse）。他用這個比喻象徵飢餓、絕望和徹底的絕望。

歷史背景：這個比喻影射了1816年的悲劇，當時數百名乘客被遺棄在一艘臨時搭建的木筏上，最終經歷了一場令人毛骨悚然的生存考驗，甚至出現了食人現象。

1. Metaphor in Les Misérables

In his 1862 masterpiece, Les Misérables, Hugo references the infamous historical shipwreck of the French frigate Méduse to illustrate desperate moments. [1]

• The Metaphor: During the bloody June Rebellion, as the revolutionaries face near-certain death at their barricade, Hugo writes that a besieged barricade in peril inevitably becomes "the raft of the Medusa" (le radeau de la Méduse). He uses it to symbolize starvation, hopelessness, and absolute desperation.
• The History: This metaphor alludes to the 1816 tragedy where hundreds of passengers were abandoned on a makeshift raft, leading to a harrowing ordeal of survival and cannibalism. [1, 2, 3, 4]

2. Description of the Octopus in Toilers of the Sea

In his 1866 novel Toilers of the Sea (Les Travailleurs de la mer), Hugo does not feature a Gorgon or jellyfish, but he relies on the word Méduse to describe the terrifying alienness of a giant octopus. [1, 2]

• The Description: When describing the monster's boneless, shapeless, and gelatinous body, Hugo describes the creature as a "méduse served by eight snakes". He uses this to conjure a sense of creeping, otherworldly horror. [1, 2]

(Note: If you are thinking of the jellyfish-like aliens that hijack a spaceship in Nnedi Okorafor's sci-fi novella Binti, they are called the Meduse. That book won the Hugo Award for Best Novella in 2016, which is sometimes confused with Victor Hugo's legacy.) [1, 2]