2016年10月5日 星期三

WSJ 專訪 蔡英文:不屈服中國壓力 ;The spies in Theresa May's bedroom; 蔡英文:年金制度改革四個原則


《華爾街日報》專訪 蔡英文:不屈服中國壓力
稱不走回對抗老路 籲陸別誤判情勢
2016年10月06日

【政治中心╱台北報導】總統蔡英文上任後不承認九二共識,兩岸關係陷入冰點。昨天《華爾街日報》刊出專訪總統的報導,蔡英文向中國喊話,在兩岸關係上,她曾說要維持現狀,這「承諾不變」、「善意也不變」,但「不會屈服在壓力之下」,也「不會走到對抗的老路上去」,希望中國大陸不要誤判情勢,用理性冷靜態度坐下來溝通。學者認為,蔡在國慶談話會繼續塑造「九二共識」不是台灣主流民意,但日前才說要「力抗中國壓力」,現又說不對抗,「到底哪個才是真的蔡英文?」
總統在專訪中強調,她五二○就職演說的內容已展現最大的彈性與善意,也把台灣最大的公約數都考慮進去,當時中國也表現出相當程度的冷靜與理性,她出訪巴拿馬時,中國的阻礙也較少,但最近中國似乎又走回對抗的老路。 

政治框架阻礙協商

總統也提到不希望在雙方有意義的會談時,受到政治框架的影響。她舉例在馬習會中,注意到雙方對一個中國問題的態度表達,她覺得雙方可以見面、坐下來談談是好事,但不能因為要坐下來談,就先去接受本來就要來協商的政治問題,這是中國一向以來的想法,任何有意義的協商都要有一個前提,這種政治框架對雙方關係的發展是有阻礙的。
《華爾街日報》詢問兩岸近來溝通管道中斷,蔡英文說雙方溝通的管道其實是很多元的,雖然海基會、海協會的溝通管道暫時停止,仍有其他管道溝通。海基會副董事長張天欽昨在海基會例行記者會上透露,為了加強和台商與大陸人民溝通,未來擬設海基會微博官方帳號。 

學者質疑自相矛盾

實踐大學博雅學部副教授賴岳謙說,蔡英文在致民進黨員的信要大家力抗中國壓力,對《華爾街日報》又說不跟中國對抗,到底哪個才是真的蔡英文?預料蔡英文在雙十國慶演講中,會想塑造否認九二共識是台灣主流民意的意象,給大陸壓力,但當初總統大選時,蔡英文對九二共識保持模糊態度,未明確說自己否認,現在不能把責任推給人民,且從國際上的觀點,大陸一直堅持九二共識,是台灣改變現狀。
中山大學政研所教授廖達琪說,蔡英文因為黨內深綠壓力,為了統治的基礎,所以說了重話,但對外卻理解我國不可能跟中國進入對抗狀態,又希望打破兩岸冷和的情況,所以希望釋出相關善意,讓中國知道除了「九二共識」四個字不能說出口外,其他善意她都可以做。
國民黨立委賴士葆說,蔡總統口口聲聲要維持現狀,問題現狀就是「九二共識、一中各表」,總統不認同這八個字,已經是改變現狀,又要如何維持現狀?總統的模糊路線,就是讓大家都可以在她的談話裡,找到自己喜歡聽的那幾句,但是對於現狀並沒有幫助。 

「總統被逼到牆角」

綠委黃偉哲說,蔡已對中國釋出極大善意,但中方不但冷回應,還步步進逼,「這已經是總統被逼到牆角的反應了」,值得肯定的是,總統強調不走過去對抗的老路,不但是對中國喊話,也安撫國內民眾。 

蔡英文接受專訪重點

●台灣經濟發展、與中國競爭關係
兩岸經濟互補性已慢慢減少,愈來愈是一種競爭關係。我們將以創新能力,以及技術研發的能量,再次促使台灣經濟能更有國際競爭力。另一方面,我們也推動「新南向政策」,強化與東南亞、南亞經濟、貿易及文化的連結
●強化台灣加入國際組織
希望國際社會替我們發聲、替我們主持公道,在關鍵時候,能替我們一起解決困難,讓台灣可以更積極、有意義地加入國際社會
●關注香港人民的異議
台灣是一個主權獨立國家,香港受一國兩制約束,但彼此共同追求分享民主、自由與人權的價值。我們會持續觀察香港人民的訴求,以及中國如何做出處理
●兩岸應如何進行溝通
雖兩會溝通管道現在暫時停止,但其他的管道,在某種程度上還是有讓雙方實際溝通的可能
資料來源:《蘋果》採訪整理 



年金制度,是為了要讓退休後的生活保障,可以無慮。改革的目標,是要讓每一位老人家,都可以有一份足以養老的基本生活年金。
因此,這一次的改革,有四個原則,首先,保障應該是全面的。我們希望能夠保障每一位老人家的基本生活需求,讓所有的人都能得到維持最低生活所需的給付。
第二,計算標準應該是科學的。無論是所得替代率、個人或政府的提撥費率、以及給付條件,相關的調整,都要經過科學的精算。
第三,各項基金的永續經營,應該是務實的。除了給付的調整之外,包括基金運用的效率、合理的投資報酬率,都是未來努力的目標。
第四,改革的過程,應該是民主的。我們會持續以資訊公開、程序民主、會議透明的方式,展開年金改革內容的實質討論。
重新建立一個公義而永續的年金制度,只有一個意義,就是為了我們的下一代。為了減輕年輕世代的負擔,保障老年生活的退休安定,這條改革的路,我們會穩健地繼續走下去。
每一個人都替對方多想一點,社會就能夠更團結。這一代人的犧牲,是為了世世代代的台灣人都能夠得到保障。
當然,改革不可能取悅每個人。這件事不容易,也會引來很多人的不諒解。但是我必須很堅定的說:為了下一代的臺灣人,推動年金改革,我們會堅持下去。所有因為改革所造成的壓力,我做總統,我會承擔。
~~~~~

英媒:英國首相在杭州G20「派發定心丸」




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周日(4日)出版的英國媒體紛紛將目光瞄凖英國新首相特雷莎·梅在國際舞台—杭州G20峰會—的首次亮相。
《觀察家報》將梅的中國行稱為「派定心丸之旅」。報道稱,英國公投決定脫離歐盟,給(梅參加)杭州峰會帶來「開創性的重要意義」。
報道說,梅將告訴與會的各國首腦,樂觀的英國仍然「開門營業」,英國正在尋求與世界各國建立「嶄新、更加強大的貿易關係」。
不過報道說,過往和現在的外交官都認為,作為國際舞台上的「新手」,梅面臨巨大考驗。
《觀察家報》還為梅開了一份「指南」,建議她在峰會期間「誰該緊密擁抱、誰該盡量避免」。
該報政治主編Toby Helm說,和中國領導人習近平的雙邊會晤無疑將成為梅「最為嚴峻的考驗」,特別是在梅宣佈推遲就中資參建英國核電站作出決定之後。
報道說,習近平將把梅本月晚些時候的核電站決定看作英國到底多可靠、以及英國多麼希望成為中國合作伙伴的測驗。
《星期日電訊報》則說,梅將於周一(5日)在杭州會晤澳大利亞總理特恩布爾。報道預計,雙方將構思英國決定脫歐之後首份雙邊貿易的框架。
《星期日電訊報》還說,預計梅在與美國總統奧巴馬和印度總理莫迪會晤期間也將「進一步探討貿易機會」。
《星期日快報》相信,英國面臨「激動人心的未來」,梅在杭州談成的交易將成為「構建更加繁榮、自治的英國的基石」。

「被子下面換衣服」

《星期日快報》還警告梅,在華期間一定要「躲在被子下面換衣服」,以防止遭到中國間諜的窺視。
該報還說,首相的隨同也被警告,當心所謂的「美人計」。
報道稱,不尋常的預防措施是啟程赴華之前向梅及隨訪工作人員簽發的安全建議的一部分。
《星期日鏡報》報道說,即使是在峰會之前,中國黑客已經向五個歐盟國家代表發起行動。
報道說,捷克、葡萄牙、保加利亞、拉脫維亞和匈牙利的工作人員中計下載惡意文件、電腦遭「綁架」。

The spies in Theresa May's bedroom: Prime Minister warned over Chinese snoopers at G20

THERESA MAY and her officials have been warned to get undressed under the duvet to avoid being snooped on by Chinese spies at the G20 summit.



The extraordinary advice formed part of security guidance issued to the Prime Minister and her staff before their visit to China, where the meeting of world leaders begins today. 
While Mrs May has pledged to use the conference to herald in a “golden era” for post-Brexit Britain, she has been warned to keep her wits about her. 
One Whitehall source said security chiefs had told the party that hotel rooms used during the summit were likely to be bugged. 
“We have been told that if you feel uncomfortable about people seeing you naked, you should change under your bedclothes,” the source said. 
Government aides have fallen victim to spying on previous official visits to China, with one Downing Street official reported to have had his mobile phone and secret documents stolen after he was seduced. 
Security chiefs anxious to avoid a repeat of the incident, which took place during a visit by Gordon Brown in 2008, have since provided detailed guidance to Mrs May’s team about the steps they should take to protect themselves. 
Officials travelling with Mrs May have even been issued with temporary mobile phones and email addresses in an attempt to evade Chinese state hackers. 
Security advisers are also telling staff not to keep gifts they receive and to be particularly wary of electronic devices, such as free computer memory sticks, mobile phone SIM cards or chargers offered by their Chinese hosts.

Last night Dai Davies, former head of the Royalty and Diplomatic Protection Department, which provides security for the PM, senior ministers and members of the Royal Family, said: “When it comes to spying, the Chinese are on a par with the Russians. 
“These people will use every trick in the book. Those accompanying Theresa May to the G20 summit will have been advised to take every precaution possible, from their communications to their sexual conduct. 
“Honey traps, for instance, are very common along with bugging and interception of text messages and emails.” 
During Mr Brown’s visit to China in 2008, one of the Number 10 officials accompanying the then Prime Minister reportedly fell prey to a “beautiful” female Chinese spy. 
She went back to his hotel room, drugged him and stole his phone and documents from a briefcase. 
The incident was described by Mr Brown’s former spin doctor Damian McBride in his 2013 memoir Power Trip. 
He recalled that the Number 10 team had been “accosted on one side by a beautiful posse of Chinese girls and on the other side by an equivalent group of Russian blondes”. 
Mr McBride wrote: “Even before our resident security expert could warn us that their interest was not to be taken at face value, we looked up and saw one of our number disappearing up the stairs to the exit with one of the girls, beaming back at us. 
“He woke up the following morning minus his Blackberry and half the contents of his briefcase.” 
The official also had a “very bad headache, owing to the Mickey Finn nightcap his overnight companion had administered to him in his hotel room,” he added. 
The G20 summit in Hangzhou comes at a time when relations between Britain and Beijing are particularly sensitive after Mrs May delayed the Government’s decision on a new nuclear power station at Hinkley Point. 
This prompted China’s threatened withdrawal of its £100million investment in the project on the Somerset coast. 
The Prime Minister is expected to tell President Xi Jinping during their first meeting at the summit that she will not reach a final decision on the £18billion plant until later this month, amid concerns she may block a deal.
Last month Mrs May was urged to pull the plug on the scheme over fresh Chinese spying allegations.
Theresa MayGETTY
The extraordinary advice formed part of security guidance issued to the Prime Minister

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