謹悼念 Donald Richie 1924-2013 / The Japan Journals:
| 唐納德·里奇 | |
|---|---|
 2009年2月唐納德·里奇 | |
| 出生 | 1924年4月17日 美國俄亥俄州艾倫縣利馬 |
| 逝世 | 2013年2月19日（88歲） 日本東京 |
| 國籍 | 美國 |
| 職業 | 作家、導演等 |
唐納德·里奇（英語：Donald Richie，1924年4月17日—2013年2月19日），美國作家、影評家、導演、編劇、作曲，生於美國俄亥俄州艾倫縣利馬，自20世紀50年代起長期居住在日本，一直致力於日本電影的研究[1]，有過許多與日本電影有關的專著和文藝評論，並導演過多部實驗電影作品[2]。
生平
唐納德·里奇出生於俄亥俄州利馬。第二次世界大戰期間，里奇在自由輪上擔任事務長和醫藥官，1942年他出版了他的第一部作品，一部短篇小說《Tumblebugs》[3]。
二戰之後的1947年，唐納德·里奇隨同進駐日本的美軍部隊首次到達日本，並供職於《星條旗報》，先後從事打字員和專欄作家的職務。在此期間，唐納德·里奇逐漸對日本電影產生濃厚興趣，並開始在《星條旗報》發表有關日本電影的影評，1948年，他結識了日本知名導演小津安二郎，在他們長期的友誼中，里奇和小津密切合作，向西方推廣日本電影[4]。
隨後，唐納德·里奇返回美國，並於1949年進入哥倫比亞大學深造，至1953年畢業並獲得學士學位。唐納德·里奇是公開的雙性戀，由於日本社會對於同性關係的寬容，在取得學士學位的1953年，唐納德·里奇便立刻返回日本，並供職於《日本時報》[5]。在20世紀之後的大部分時間裡，唐納德·里奇長期居住在日本。
2013年2月19日，唐納德·里奇在東京逝世。[6]
主要作品
- 《黑澤明的電影》（英語：The Films of Akira Kurosawa），1965年第一版，加利福尼亞大學出版社。
 Richie in February 2009 | |
| Born | April 17, 1924 |
|---|---|
| Died | February 19, 2013 (aged 88) Tokyo, Japan |
| Occupations | Author, journalist, film critic |
| Known for | Writing on Japanese cinema |
Donald Richie with portrait by Carl Randall, made at Richie's home in Ueno, Tokyo, 2006.[10]Books by Richie
- The Honorable Visitors. Charles E Tuttle; 1949; ISBN 0-8048-1941-6
- Essays in Contemporary American Literature, Drama and Cinema (in Japanese). Hayakawa Shobo. 1950.
- With Watanabe Miyoko. Six Kabuki Plays (paperback). Hokuseido Press; 1953; ISBN 1-299-15754-8
- This Scorching Earth. Charles E. Tuttle. 1956.
- Eight American Authors. Kenkyusha. 1956.
- Where Are the Victors? Tuttle Publishing. 1956. ISBN 978-0804815123.
- With Joseph L. Anderson. The Japanese Film: Art and Industry (paperback). Princeton University Press; 1959, revised 1983; ISBN 0-691-00792-6
- Japanese Movies. Japan Travel Bureau, 1961
- The Films of Akira Kurosawa. University of California Press, 1965. 3rd edition, expanded and updated, 1998. ISBN 978-0-520-22037-9
- The Japanese Movie. An Illustrated History (hardcover). Kodansha Ltd; 1965; ISBN 1-141-45003-8
- The masters' book of Ikebana: background and principles of Japanese flower arrangement, edited by Donald Richie & Meredith Weatherby; with lessons by the masters of Japan's three foremost schools: (hardcover). Bijutsu Shuppansha. 1966.
- Erotic Gods Phallicism in Japan (slipcase). Shufushinsha; 1966; ISBN 1-141-44743-6
- Companions of the Holiday (hardcover). Weatherhill; 1968; ISBN 1-299-58310-5
- George Stevens: An American Romantic. New York, The Museum of Modern Art, 1970.
- The Inland Sea (1st ed.). Weatherhill; 1971; ISBN 978-0834800632
- Words, Ideas, and Ambiguities: Four Perspectives on Translating from the Japanese (Chicago: Imprint Publications; Pacific Intercultural Studies 1, 2000 ISBN 187917636X).
- Ozu: His Life and Films (paperback). University of California Press. 1977. ISBN 978-0-520-03277-4.
- With Ian Buruma (photos) (1980). The Japanese Tattoo (hardcover). Weatherhill.
- Zen Inklings: Some Stories, Fables, Parables, and Sermons (Buddhism & Eastern Philosophy) (Paperback) with prints by the author. Weatherhill, 1982. Without prints: 1982. ISBN 9780834802308
- A Taste Of Japan (hardcover). 1985. Kodansha Intl. Ltd.
- Different People: Pictures of Some Japanese (hardcover). Kodansha Inc; 1987; ISBN 0-87011-820-X
- Focus on Rashomon (hardcover). Rutgers University Press; 1987; ISBN 0-13-752980-5
- Introducing Tokyo (hardcover). Kodansha Inc; 1987; ISBN 0-87011-806-4
- Introducing Japan (hardcover). Kodansha International; 1987; ISBN 0-87011-833-1
- Japanese Cinema: Film Style and National Character (paperback). Oxford University Press; 1990; ISBN 0-19-584950-7
- Japanese Cinema: An Introduction (hardcover). Oxford University Press; 1990; ISBN 0-19-584950-7
- A Lateral View: Essays on Culture and Style in Contemporary Japan (paperback). Stone Bridge Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-9628137-4-0.
- The Temples of Kyoto (hardback). Tuttle Publishing; 1995; ISBN 0-8048-2032-5
- Partial Views: Essays on Contemporary Japan (paperback). Japan Times; 1995; ISBN 4-7890-0801-0
- Tokyo (paperback). Reaktion Books. 1999. ISBN 978-1-86189-034-4.
- Memoirs of the Warrior Kumagai: A Historical Novel (hardcover). Tuttle Publishing; 1999; ISBN 0-8048-2126-7
- Tokyo: A View of the City (paperback). Reaktion Books; 1999; ISBN 1-86189-034-6
- The Donald Richie Reader: 50 Years of Writing on Japan (paperback). Stone Bridge Press. 2001. ISBN 978-1-880656-61-7.
- The Inland Sea (paperback). Stone Bridge Press. 2002. ISBN 978-1-880656-69-3. and Stone Bridge Press; 2010; ISBN 1-880656-69-8
- With Roy Garner. The Image Factory: Fads and Fashions in Japan (paperback). Reaktion Books; 2003; ISBN 1-86189-153-9
- Japanese Literature Reviewed (hardcover). ICG Muse; 2003; ISBN 4-925080-78-4
- A View from the Chuo Line and Other Stories (paperback), Printed Matter Press, 2004, SBN 4900178276
- With Hillary Raphael, Meital Hershkovitz. Outcast Samurai Dancer, Creation Books, 2004, ISBN 978-1840680980
- The Japan Journals: 1947-2004 (paperback, Ed. Leza Lowitz). Stone Bridge Press. 2005. ISBN 978-1-880656-97-6.
- Paul Schrader (Introduction) (2005). A Hundred Years of Japanese Film: A Concise History, with a Selective Guide to DVDs and Videos. Kodansha International. ISBN 978-4-7700-2995-9. (paperback)
- Tokyo Nights (paperback). Printed Matter Press; 2005; ISBN 1-933606-00-2
- Japanese Portraits: Pictures of Different People (Tuttle Classics of Japanese Literature) (paperback). Tuttle Publishing. 2006. ISBN 978-0-8048-3772-9.
- A Tractate on Japanese Aesthetics (paperback). Stone Bridge Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-933330-23-5.
- Stephen Mansfield (Introduction) (2007). Travels in the East (paperback). Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 978-1-933330-61-7.
- Botandoro: Stories, Fables, Parables and Allegories: A Miscellany (paperback), Printed Matter Press; 2008; ISBN 978-1-933606-16-3
Films, books and papers on Richie
- Sneaking In. Donald Richie's Life in Film. Directed by Brigitte Prinzgau-Podgorschek, Navigator Film Produktion/Peter Stockhaus Filmproduktion, GmbH, Vienna, 2002
- Silva, Arturo, ed. (2001). The Donald Richie Reader. Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 978-1-880656-61-7 (cloth)
- Klaus Volkmer and Olaf Möller.Ricercar fuer Donald Richie. Taschenbuch (1997)
Films by Richie
Richie was the author of about 30 experimental films, from five to 47 minutes long, six of which have been published on DVD as A Donald Richie Film Anthology (Japan, 2004).[17] None were originally meant for public screening.[18] The pieces on the DVD, all originally shot in 16 mm, are:
- Wargames (1962), 22 minutes
- Atami Blues (1962), 20 minutes, soundtrack by Tōru Takemitsu
- Boy With Cat (1967), 5 minutes
- Dead Youth (1967), 13 minutes
- Five Philosophical Fables (1967), 47 minutes
- Cybele (1968), 20 minutes
Among the short works not included in the collection are for example Small Town Sunday (1941, 8 mm), filmed when he was still resident in the United States, A Sentimental Education (1953), Aoyama Kaidan (1957), Shu-e (1958), and Life (1965).[18]
Other films:
- The Inland Sea (1991), Screenplay, narration
- Akira Kurosawa (1975), 58 minutes, 35 mm in color and b/w. Produced by Atelier 41 for NTV, Tokyo
- A Doll (1968) 16 mm, 20 minutes, in color
- A Couple (1968), 35 mm, in b/w
- Nozoki Monogatari (1967), 16 mm, released by Brandon Films
- Khajuraho (1968), 16 mm, in color and b/w
Honors
- National Society of Film Critics Awards, USA: Special Award (1971)[15]
- Kawakita Award, first recipient in 1983[7]
- Special Prize, Hawaii International Film Festival, 1986[4]
- Presidential Citation, New York University, 1989[4]
- Mel Novikoff Award, San Francisco International Film Festival, 1990[4]
- Tokyo Metropolitan Government Cultural Award, 1993[4]
- John D. Rockefeller 3rd Award (Asian Cultural Council) in 1993[19]
- Japan Foundation Award, Japan Foundation, 1995.[20]
- Japan Society Award, Japan Society New York, 2001[4]
- Honorary Doctorate, University of Maryland, 1999[4]
- Honorary Doctorate, Bard College, 2004[4]
- Order of the Rising Sun, Japan, 2005[4]
- Honorary Doctorate, Temple University, 2007[4]
邦訳
- 『現代アメリカ芸術論』加島祥（造）訳、早川書房、1950
- 『現代アメリカ文学主潮』加島祥造訳、英宝社、1956
- 『この焦土』加島祥造訳、新潮社、1957
- 『映画芸術の革命』加島祥造・虫明亜呂無訳、昭森社、1958
- 『男女像』伊藤堅吉共著、図譜新社、1967
- 『日本の伝統 第1 いけばな』伊藤ていじ共著、淡交新社 1967
- 『小津安二郎の美学 映画のなかの日本』山本喜久男訳、フィルムアート社、1978／現代教養文庫 1993
- 『黒澤明の映画』三木宮彦訳、キネマ旬報社、1979、増補版1985／現代教養文庫 1991、増補版1993（各・再訂版）
- 『日本人への旅』山本喜久男訳、TBSブリタニカ、1981
- 『日本の大衆文化』金関寿夫編・注、秀文インターナショナル、1981
- 『京都発見』クリフトン・カーフ版画、講談社、1981
- 『映画のどこをどう読むか 世界の10本の傑作から 映画理解学入門』三木宮彦・司馬叡三訳、キネマ旬報社、1984
- 『映画のどこをどう読むか 映画理解学入門 = Viewing film』三木宮彦・司馬叡三訳、スタジオジブリ、2006（改訂新版）
- 『新作英語狂言 Three modern kyougen』荒井良雄、水谷八也、水谷利美編、研究社、1990
- 『十二人の賓客 日本に何を発見したか』安西徹雄訳、TBSブリタニカ、1997
- 『日本の映画』梶川忠・坂本季詩雄訳、行路社、2001
- 『素顔を見せたニッポン人 心に残る52人の肖像』菊池淳子訳、フィルムアート社、2003
- 『イメージ・ファクトリー 日本×流行×文化』松田和也訳、青土社、2005
研究書・論文
- Silva, Arturo, ed. (2001). The Donald Richie Reader. Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-61-2; ISBN 978-1-880656-61-7 (cloth)
- Klaus Volkmer and Olaf Möller. Ricercar fuer Donald Richie. Taschenbuch (1997)
- Yoshida, Yukihiko, Jane Barlow and Witaly Osins, ballet teachers who worked in postwar Japan, and their students, Pan-Asian Journal of Sports & Physical Education, Vol.3(Sep), 2012.
DVD
- 『ドナルド・リチー作品集』ダゲレオ出版 2004
- 『戦争ごっこ』Wargames 1962／16mm／b+w／22min
- 『熱海ブルース』Atami Blues 1962／16mm／b+w／20 min
- 『猫と少年』Boy with Cat 1966／16mm／b+w／5min
- 『死んだ少年』Dead Youth 1967／16mm／b+w／13 min
- 『五つの哲学的童話』Five Filosophical Fables 1967／16mm／b+w／47min
- 『シベール』Cybele 1968／16mm／b+w／20min
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