Earl Cheit, Prescient Educator, Dies at 87
By DOUGLAS MARTINAUG. 13, 2014
哈斯商學院遠見卓識的領導者和校園領袖厄爾·切特逝世，享年87歲
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Earl F. Cheit teaching at the University of California, Berkeley.CreditHaas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley
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Earl F. Cheit, an educator who in 1970 wrote a sobering, influential report saying that two-thirds of the colleges and universities in the United States were in or near grave financial difficulty, died on Aug. 2 at his home in Kensington, Calif. He was 87.
The University of California, Berkeley, where he was a longtime administrator and professor,announced the death, giving the cause as cancer.
Dr. Cheit’s 250-page report, titled “The New Depression in Higher Education” and sponsored by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education, examined 41 private and public colleges and universities in 21 states and the District of Columbia. Based on research Dr. Cheit (pronounced “chite”) directed, it found that 70 percent of these were either in financial difficulty or “headed for trouble.”
The analysis was particularly jolting because it came as baby boomers were flocking to campuses, which had expanded to meet the demand. Research at universities had grown exponentially as course offerings and majors increased.
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哈斯商學院前院長兼榮譽退休教授厄爾·切特於8月2日因癌症去世，享年87歲。
切特，許多人親切地稱他為“巴德”，曾於1976年至1982年以及1990年至1991年擔任哈斯商學院院長，他於近六十年前加入該學院。在加州大學柏克萊分校任職期間，他還擔任過其他多個校園高級職務，包括執行副校長、體育主任以及加州大學財務與商業管理副校長。
「我想不出還有誰能像他一樣為校園做出如此多方面的貢獻，」哈斯商學院教授大衛·沃格爾說道，他是切特創立的哈斯商學院商業與公共政策小組的成員。 “他生命中最重要的部分和全部精力都投入到了伯克利及其各個方面。他在商學院和大學留下的遺產將永載史冊。”
哈斯商學院的榮譽退休教授大衛·阿克爾（David Aaker）形容切特是一位卓有成效的領導者，並回憶起切特就任院長幾個月後，巴羅斯大樓（商學院原址）的走廊被重新粉刷一新，這讓他感到非常驚喜。
“我們以前總覺得，’伯克利是個官僚機構，什麼事都辦不成’，但巴德·切特……徹底改變了課程設置，”阿克爾說。 “他是一位才華橫溢、令人敬佩的人。”
哈斯商學院高級講師薩拉·貝克曼（Sara Beckman）表示，切特在哈斯商學院任職期間，將對教學的熱情深深地融入了學院的教學之中。商學院的卓越教學獎和教學大樓的一翼都以切特的名字命名。
沃格爾（Vogel）表示，切特在哈斯商學院的募款工作中也發揮了至關重要的作用。他與商學院校友、李維斯公司前總裁兼董事長沃爾特·A·哈斯（Walter A. Haas Sr.）家族的密切關係，促成了商學院新教學大樓的建設資金到位。
除了學術成就之外，切特也對藝術充滿熱情，並擔任加州大學柏克萊分校表演藝術中心（Cal Performances）董事會的創始主席。
加州大學柏克萊分校表演藝術中心主任馬蒂亞斯‧塔諾波爾斯基（Matias Tarnopolsky）回憶起2010年切特從董事會手中接過表演藝術傑出貢獻獎後，受邀上台聆聽著名塔卡克斯四重奏（Takacs Quartet）演奏時的情景。
「他純粹的享受，他沉浸在這些偉大藝術家之中，感受著音樂的魅力，眼中閃爍著光芒，臉上綻放著燦爛的笑容，全身心地投入到音樂中——這將是我對他最深刻的記憶，」塔諾波爾斯基說道。
切特曾於1965年至1969年擔任校園執行副校長，並於1993年至1994年擔任臨時體育主任。他的兒子戴夫·切特表示，切特擔任的這些不同職位充分體現了他對加州大學柏克萊分校的奉獻精神。
戴夫·切特於1974年畢業於加州大學柏克萊分校，並於1985年畢業於加州大學柏克萊分校法學院。他在一封電子郵件中寫道：“我一生中最不變的感受之一，就是他對這所大學、這所校園以及金熊隊的熱愛。”
哈斯商學院教授約翰·摩根視切特為良師益友，他認為切特之所以能在如此多的職位上取得成功，源於他的同情心和與人溝通的能力。
摩根說：「他關注的是人，而許多學者只關注理論……這在他廣泛參與的事務中得到了充分體現。巴德真正的熱情在於自己做出非凡的成就，或者幫助他人做出非凡的成就。」切特先生身後留下了妻子瓊·切特、四個子女和三個孫輩。
Photo
Earl F. Cheit teaching at the University of California, Berkeley.CreditHaas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley
Continue reading the main story
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Earl F. Cheit, an educator who in 1970 wrote a sobering, influential report saying that two-thirds of the colleges and universities in the United States were in or near grave financial difficulty, died on Aug. 2 at his home in Kensington, Calif. He was 87.
The University of California, Berkeley, where he was a longtime administrator and professor,announced the death, giving the cause as cancer.
Dr. Cheit’s 250-page report, titled “The New Depression in Higher Education” and sponsored by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education, examined 41 private and public colleges and universities in 21 states and the District of Columbia. Based on research Dr. Cheit (pronounced “chite”) directed, it found that 70 percent of these were either in financial difficulty or “headed for trouble.”
The analysis was particularly jolting because it came as baby boomers were flocking to campuses, which had expanded to meet the demand. Research at universities had grown exponentially as course offerings and majors increased.
The reason for alarm, Dr. Cheit wrote, was that costs faced by colleges were rising at a faster rate than income. He said that if the institutions were to prosper, federal and state governments would have to contribute substantially more funds. At the same time, the report said, colleges and universities needed to cut costs and raise tuition.
The findings were the basis of a front-page article in The New York Times and the subject of dismay in a Times editorial. Academic papers still cite the study.
“The future capacity of higher education to serve the country’s youth, and the nation itself, is in jeopardy at the very moment when its top priority ought to be the costly unfinished task of extending equal educational opportunities to the poor and deprived,” the editorial in The Times said.
In a two-year follow-up study, in which Dr. Cheit participated, universities and colleges were said to have brought their finances into better balance and achieved “a fragile stability.” But the study warned that they were still “living on borrowed time.”
Over the next 40 years, pessimism proved more than justified. The cost of tuition, room, board and fees increased at greater than the rate of inflation at both public and private colleges. State-run institutions endured repeated cutbacks in funding by legislatures, while private ones had to discount the list price of tuition selectively for families who could not or would not pay it.
Part of the solution was round after round of cost-cutting. Colleges fired professors, hired part-time replacements and shut facilities. More recently, some have turned to online courses to reach more students more cheaply.
But a huge gap remained. That was filled by student loans, which theConsumer Financial Protection Bureau, an independent federal agency, estimates now exceed $1 trillion. In the years after the report, politicians debated whether to increase grants or loans to meet college students’ needs, and loans won out.
“We rely on debt by default, as it is the only way to fill the gap between family resources, need-based grants and rising college prices,” David W. Breneman, an economist at the University of Virginia, wrote in The Chronicle of Higher Education in 2002.
Earl Frank Cheit was born in Minneapolis on Aug. 6, 1926, but considered Hague, N.D., the wheat and cattle town where he grew up, his real birthplace. “My mother went to Minneapolis because there was no doctor in Hague,” he told The Times in 1970.
He graduated from Hague High School in a class of eight and went on to earn undergraduate and law degrees, as well as a doctorate in economics, from the University of Minnesota. His thesis sought to disprove the commonly held belief that generous compensation for workers injured on the job would result in “malingering.” While at the university, he supported himself as a copy boy for The Minneapolis Star, a short-order cook and a busboy at a hospital.
After getting his Ph.D. in 1954, he taught at St. Louis University in the mid-1950s, then joined Berkeley as a visiting associate professor of economics and a research economist at the university’s Institute of Industrial Relations. He later became its director. His writing further explored compensation for occupational injuries and addressed social issues like increasing women’s presence in the work force.
Dr. Cheit was twice dean of the Haas School of Business at Berkeley, from 1976 to 1982 and in the 1990-91 academic year. When the campus erupted in a so-called free speech protest in 1964, he was elected to an emergency committee of the academic senate. The next year, he was named executive vice chancellor of the campus.
In an interview with The Times in 1968, Dr. Cheit attributed the protest, a precursor to campus demonstrations around the country, to “underadministration.” He said not enough money was available under the budget to establish channels for student and faculty advice to be heard.
Dr. Cheit is survived by his wife of 63 years, the former June Doris Andrews; his daughters, Danielle Cheit and Julie Ross; his sons, David and Ross; and three grandchildren.
Earl Cheit, Haas visionary and campus leader, dies at 87
Earl Cheit, former dean and professor emeritus at the Haas School of Business, died of cancer Aug. 2. He was 87.
Cheit, known by many as “Budd,” served as dean of the business school, which he joined almost six decades ago, from 1976 to 1982 and 1990-91. During his time at UC Berkeley, he held several other senior campus positions including executive vice chancellor, athletic director and UC vice president of financial and business management.
“I can’t think of anyone whose variety of services to the campus has been so significant,” said Haas professor David Vogel, a member of the school’s business and public policy group, which was founded by Cheit. “A major part of his life and commitment was to Berkeley and many different aspects of it. His legacy at the school and at the university is a very permanent one.”
David Aaker, a professor emeritus at Haas, described Cheit as a distinctively effective leader and remembered his surprise when the hallways of Barrows Hall — where the business school was previously located — were painted just months after Cheit took over as dean.
“We always thought, ‘Well, Berkeley is a bureaucracy, and nobody can get anything done,’ and Budd Cheit … completely changed the curriculum,” Aaker said. “He was just an incredible talent and an incredible person.”
During his time at Haas, Cheit embedded a passion for interest in teaching in the school, said Haas senior lecturer Sara Beckman. The business school’s award for excellence in teaching and one of the building’s classroom wings were named after Cheit.
Cheit also played a critical role in fundraising for Haas, Vogel said. His close relationship with the family of Walter A. Haas Sr., an alumnus of the business school and former president and chair of Levi Strauss & Co., led the way to securing funding for a new building of the school.
Aside from academics, Cheit was also passionate in the arts and was founding chair of the Cal Performances Board of Trustees.
Matias Tarnopolsky, director of Cal Performances, recalled Cheit’s reaction when he was invited to sit onstage as the renowned Takacs Quartet played after he was presented with the Cal Performances Award of Distinction in the Performing Arts from the board of trustees in 2010.
“The sheer enjoyment, his enjoyment about sitting amongst these great artists and being in the middle of the sound, that twinkle in his eye, that broad smile, that soaking up the music — that’ll be my overriding memory of him,” Tarnopolsky said.
Cheit served as campus executive vice chancellor from 1965 to 1969 and interim athletic director from 1993 to 1994. These diverse roles Cheit held are a testament to his dedication to UC Berkeley, said his son, Dave Cheit.
“One of the great constants in my entire life has been how much he loved the University, the campus, and the Golden Bears,” Dave Cheit, who graduated from UC Berkeley in 1974 and the UC Berkeley School of Law in 1985, said in an email.
Cheit’s success in such a variety of positions stemmed from his compassion and ability to connect with people, said Haas professor John Morgan, who saw Cheit as a mentor.
“He was interested in people, whereas many academics are just interested in ideas … That’s really reflected in the breadth of his involvement,” Morgan said. “Where Budd’s true passion lay was either doing extraordinary things himself or enabling others to do extraordinary things.”
Cheit is survived by his wife, June Cheit, four children and three grandchildren.
A memorial service for Cheit will be held on campus in the fall.
Somin Park is a news editor. Contact her at sominpark@dailycal.org and follow her on Twitter @_sominpark
The Useful Arts and the Liberal Tradition by Earl F. Cheit - jstor
www.jstor.org/stable/3445898
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