People 人物 To Mention Only A FEW.: Swami Vivekananda 辨喜

2015年4月26日星期日

Swami Vivekananda 辨喜

Swami Vivekananda (Bengali: [ʃami bibekanɒnɖo] ( listen), Shāmi Bibekānondo; 12 January 1863 – 4 July 1902), born Narendra Nath Datta (Bengali: [nɔrend̪ro nat̪ʰ d̪ɔt̪t̪o]), was an Indian Hindu monk and chief disciple of the 19th-century saint Ramakrishna. He was a key figure in the introduction of the Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the Western world^[2] and is credited with raising interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduismto the status of a major world religion during the late 19th century.^[3] He was a major force in the revival of Hinduism in India, and contributed to the concept of nationalism in colonial India.^[4] Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Math and the Ramakrishna Mission.^[2] He is perhaps best known for his speech which began, "Sisters and brothers of America ...,"^[5] in which he introduced Hinduism at the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago in 1893.

Born into an aristocratic Bengali family of Calcutta, Vivekananda was inclined towards spirituality. He was influenced by his guru, Ramakrishna, from whom he learnt that all living beings were an embodiment of the divine self; therefore, service to God could be rendered by service to mankind. After Ramakrishna's death, Vivekananda toured theIndian subcontinent extensively and acquired first-hand knowledge of the conditions prevailing in British India. He later travelled to the United States, representing India at the 1893 Parliament of the World Religions. Vivekananda conducted hundreds of public and private lectures and classes, disseminating tenets of Hindu philosophy in the United States, England and Europe. In India, Vivekananda is regarded as a patriotic saint and his birthday is celebrated there as National Youth Day.
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日本語

曾足跡走過大半印度，提出超越國家與種族界限的宗教主張，在1893年美國芝加哥市舉辦的『世界宗教大會』，以流暢的英語演說與新宗教觀，轟動大會，成為美國社會最知名的媒體爭相報導風雲人物，印度人看做有偉大國際聲望的國民英雄．他就是辨喜．鈴木大拙當時也參與大會，卻仍是無名小卒．他堪稱亞洲瑜伽影響歐美的第一人，也是最重要者．
辨喜^[1]（梵語：स्वामी विवेकानन्द，拉丁轉寫：Svāmi Vivekānanda；孟加拉語：স্বামী বিবেকানন্দ，拉丁轉寫：Shami Bibekānondo；1863年1月12日－1902年7月4日），出生時稱Narendranath Dutta^[2]，印度一位印度教的哲學家，在瑜珈與吠陀哲學方面具有相當大的影響力。他也是羅摩克里希納的弟子與羅摩克里希納·馬斯與羅摩克里希納教會的創辦者。