2026年6月20日 星期六

山繆·摩斯(Samuel F. B. Morse)不僅是摩斯電碼的發明者,在投身科學前,他原本是一位備受推崇的美國肖像與歷史畫家。 [1] 他最著名的巨幅議會畫作為《眾議院》(The House of Representatives),創作於 1822 年。以下為該畫作與發明背景的詳細介紹 。华盛顿美国国家美术馆推出了名为“亲爱的美国”(Dear America)的专题展览,通过从18世纪后期至今的100多件珍贵艺术作品,审视这片土地及革命历史。



 THE GREATER JOURNEY

Americans in Paris

By David McCullough

Illustrated. 558 pp. Simon & Schuster. $37.50

The tradition began very much as a case of “Lafayette, nous voici.” The first pilgrims were nearly all single, wealthy men in their 20s, serious of purpose and ambitious by nature. A number of them had played a role in the French general’s triumphant return to America. They were provincial and inexperienced. They had never before sailed. They knew little French literature. They did not yet suspect that one could be seduced by breakfast. 


Following a tradition established years earlier by John Adams, they came to Paris to do their homework. Oliver Wendell Holmes, James Fenimore Cooper, Charles Sumner and Samuel F. B. Morse looked to the city as library and laboratory rather than as liberation. The idea was to settle in Paris to “study hard,” a concept that would put most junior-year-abroad programs out of business.

华盛顿美国国家美术馆推出了名为“亲爱的美国”(Dear America)的专题展览,通过从18世纪后期至今的100多件珍贵艺术作品,审视这片土地及革命历史。


山繆·摩斯(Samuel F. B. Morse)不僅是摩斯電碼的發明者,在投身科學前,他原本是一位備受推崇的美國肖像與歷史畫家。 [1]
他最著名的巨幅議會畫作為《眾議院》(The House of Representatives),創作於 1822 年。以下為該畫作與發明背景的詳細介紹: [1]
🎨 經典畫作:《眾議院》(The House of Representatives)
  • 畫作背景:這幅壯觀的巨幅油畫(高約 220 公分、寬約 331 公分)現藏於美國國家藝廊。畫中細緻描繪了當時美國國會大廈內的眾議院舊議場(現為國家雕像館)。
  • 夜間議會:摩斯選擇描繪「夜間議會」即將開始前的空檔,利用油燈和吊燈的柔和光線,營造出充滿啟蒙時代氛圍與莊嚴感的議場。
  • 極致考究:為了完美呈現這幅畫,摩斯花了四個多月在華盛頓特區,為超過 70 名議員、最高法院法官及重要人士逐一繪製肖像。 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
⚡ 電報碼的發明與緣由

  • 發明過程:1832 年從歐洲返美的航程中,摩斯從同船物理學家處得知了電磁學原理,因而獲得靈感,開始研發單線電磁電報機。 [1, 2]
  • 摩斯電碼的誕生:他與助手(阿爾弗雷德·維爾 Alfred Vail)共同創建了知名的編碼系統。這套系統將英文字母與數字轉換為代表長短不同的「點(·)」與「短線(—)」來傳遞訊息。 [1, 2, 3]
  • 歷史時刻:1844 年 5 月 24 日,摩斯在華盛頓國會大廈拍發了美國史上第一通歷史性的公開示範電報,內容為「上帝行了何等大事」(What Hath God Wrought)。 [1]

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