Robert Francis Prevost, 69, was born in Chicago and served for two decades in Peru, where he became a bishop and a naturalized citizen, then rose to lead his international religious order. Leading up to the death of his predecessor, Cardinal Prevost held one of the most influential Vatican posts, running the office that selects and manages bishops globally.
69岁的罗伯特·弗朗西斯·普雷沃斯特出生于芝加哥，在秘鲁任职二十年。在那里，他成为了一名主教，并加入秘鲁国籍，之后晋升为其所在的国际修会的领导人。在他的前任去世前，普雷沃斯特枢机担任着梵蒂冈最具影响力的职位之一，负责在全球范围内选拔和管理主教的机构。
A member of the Order of St. Augustine, he resembles Francis in his commitment to the poor and migrants, and to meeting people where they are. He told the Vatican’s official news website last year that “the bishop is not supposed to be a little prince sitting in his kingdom.”
作为圣奥斯定修会的成员，他致力于帮助穷人、关注移民，并走到民众中间，这一点与方济各相似。去年他在梵蒂冈官方新闻网站上表示：“主教不应该像一个坐在自己王国里的小王子。”
He has spent much of his life outside the United States. Ordained in 1982 at 27, he received a doctorate in canon law at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas in Rome. In Peru, he was a missionary, parish priest, teacher and bishop. As the Augustinians’ leader, he visited orders around the world. He also speaks Spanish and Italian.
他人生的大部分时间都在美国之外度过。1982年，27岁的普雷沃斯特获授神职，随后在罗马的圣托马斯·阿奎那宗座大学获得了教会法博士学位。在秘鲁，他曾担任传教士、教区神父、神学院教师和主教。作为奥斯定修会的领袖，他访问过世界各地的修会。他还会说西班牙语和意大利语。
Where does he stand on major issues?
他在重大问题上的立场是什么？
Often described as reserved and discreet, he would depart stylistically from Francis as pope. Supporters believe he will most likely continue the consultative process started by Francis to invite lay people to meet with bishops.
人们常说他为人矜持、谨慎，作为教宗，他的风格会与方济各有所不同。支持者认为，他很可能会延续方济各发起的协商程序，邀请平信徒与主教会面。
It is unclear whether he will be as open to gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender Catholics as Francis was. Although he has not said much recently, in a 2012 address to bishops, he lamented that Western news media and popular culture fostered “sympathy for beliefs and practices that are at odds with the Gospel.” He cited the “homosexual lifestyle” and “alternative families comprised of same-sex partners and their adopted children.”
目前尚不清楚他是否会像方济各那样对同性恋、双性恋和跨性别天主教徒持开放态度。尽管最近没有对此过多表态，但在2012年对主教们的一次讲话中，他哀叹西方新闻媒体和流行文化助长了“对与福音相悖的信仰和行为的同情”。他提到了“同性恋生活方式”以及“由同性伴侣及其领养的孩子组成的另类家庭”。
As an American, he is uniquely positioned to stand in contrast to the energized conservative Catholicism in his home country. He has pushed back forcefully against the militant vision of Christian power that the Trump administration has elevated.
美国人的身份使他与在其祖国兴盛的保守派天主教形成了鲜明对比。他有力地反对了特朗普政府所推崇的基督教权力的激进理念。

The shortest conclave, the election of Pope Pius XII in 1939, took three ballots. But it has not always been so quick: The conclave that ended with the election of Pope Gregory X on Sept. 1, 1271, took two years, nine months and two days.
最短的一次秘密会议是1939年庇护十二世教宗的选举，只进行了三轮投票。但并非每次选举都如此迅速：1271年9月1日，选举格列高利十世教宗的秘密会议历时两年零九个月零两天。
What are the key issues in the Catholic Church?
天主教会面临的关键问题是什么？
The cardinals had to decide whether to choose a pope who would follow Francis’ path of openness and inclusion or pick a pontiff who would forge a different one. During his 12-year pontificate, Francis made landmark declarations that encouraged liberals, including allowing the blessing of people in same-sex unions and raising his voice for migrants.
枢机主教们必须决定是选择一位遵循方济各开放和包容路线的教宗，还是挑选一位会开辟不同道路的教宗。在12年的任期内，方济各发表了具有里程碑意义的声明，鼓励了自由主义者，包括允许为同性伴侣关系举行祝福仪式，以及为移民发声。
The cardinals who elect the pope sometimes look as ideologically polarized as many secular voters around the globe. Many conservative Roman Catholic leaders disagreed with Francis.
选举教宗的枢机主教们在意识形态上有时像全球许多世俗选民一样两极分化。许多保守的罗马天主教领袖不同意方济各的观点。
But the typical divisions between progressives and conservatives don’t correspond so neatly with the ideological battles within the Vatican and the broader church. There are complex debates over the role of women and L.G.B.T.Q. Catholics in the church, whether priests should be allowed to marry, accountability for sexual abuse by clergy and other divisive questions.
但进步派和保守派之间的典型分歧并不能简单地对应梵蒂冈以及更广泛的教会内部的意识形态斗争。关于女性和LGBTQ天主教徒在教会中的角色、是否应该允许神父结婚、神职人员性侵问题的问责等其他有争议的问题存在复杂的辩论。
新当选的教宗良十四世在圣伯多禄大教堂的阳台发表讲话。
新当选的教宗良十四世在圣伯多禄大教堂的阳台发表讲话。 Alkis Konstantinidis/Reuters