紀念 Peter Gay, part III-- 彭淮棟 談：《威瑪文化》
Weimar Dispatch
A Failed State Shaped the 20th Century. Can Today’s Leaders Avoid Its Fate?
A fragile democracy, the Weimar Republic, briefly took hold in Germany before the Nazis seized power. Now, Weimar’s collapse is seen as a warning.
The German National Theater in Weimar, Germany, where leaders met in 1919 to create a new national Constitution.Credit...
魏瑪紀事
一個失敗的國家塑造了20世紀。今天的領導者能否避免重蹈覆轍？
脆弱的民主政體魏瑪共和國在納粹奪取政權前，曾在德國短暫建立。如今，魏瑪的崩潰被視為一個警告。
1919年，德國領導人在魏瑪國家劇院會面，並制定了新的國家憲法。 （圖片來源…）
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如今，魏瑪共和國大廈紀念皇帝與獨裁者之間那段短暫的時期。它坐落在寬闊的廣場對面，與當年制憲代表們開會的莊嚴劇院遙遙相望。
這座小型博物館肩負著一項意義非凡的使命：完整講述魏瑪時代的故事，並提醒人們，這段歷史的教訓至今仍然具有現實意義——不僅在極右翼政黨德國另類選擇黨（AfD）勢力日益壯大的德國，而且在越來越多民主政體突然變得脆弱的國家。
Today that brief stretch of time between an emperor and a dictator is memorialized by the House of the Weimar Republic, which sits across a wide plaza from the stately theater where the constitutional delegates met.
This small museum has an outsize mission: to tell the full story of the Weimar era, and to remind people that its lessons remain relevant — not only in Germany, where the far-right Alternative for Germany party, or A.f.D., is on the rise, but in a growing number of suddenly fragile democracies.
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