Wikipedia article "Constantin Brâncuşi".
Imagination : Constantin Brancusi…The Monk of Modernism ». BBC
這部 (2017補，我忘記了) 解釋為什麼羅丹的The Kiss ，是19世紀的。
而 Brâncuşi 的 The Kiss (1908)，則是在墳墓
更真更美更永恆
整體探討雕塑之精神性、宗教感。
包括他晚年信藏傳佛教。
2017補：我1977年讀The Language of Sculpture一書，Constantin Brâncuşi 的份量頗重。
世界變化大，該書第7章專論 Brâncuşi at Tirgu Jiu，現在的拼音為Târgu Jiu---我看過一張地圖，顯示"巴黎-維也納-Târgu Jiu"等三地，成一等距離之直線。
John Berger 說，"Constantin Brâncuşi" (1876–1957)的最後20年，尋尋覓覓，無所得，因他早已找到他的Form。
Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculptural_Ensemble_of_Constantin_Br%C3%A2ncu%C8%99i_at_T%C3%A2rgu_Jiu
(bränkyū'zē, Rom. brän'kūsh) , 1876–1957, Romanian sculptor. Brancusi is considered one of the foremost of modern artists. In 1904 he went to Paris, where he worked under Mercié. He declined Rodin's invitation to work in his studio. Because of his radical, economic style, his abstract sculptures, The Kiss (1908), Sleeping Muse (1910), and the portrait of Mlle Pogany (1923; Musée d'Art moderne, Paris) were the subjects of much controversy. He altered his technique from modeling to carving c.1910. In 1927 Brancusi won a lawsuit against the U.S. customs authorities who attempted to value his sculpture as raw metal. The suit led to legal changes permitting the importation of abstract art free of duty. Brancusi's work is notable for its extreme simplification of form, its organic and frequently symbolic character, and its consummate craftsmanship. He had a profound understanding of materials, working primarily in metal, stone, and wood. Bird in Space (1919; Mus. of Modern Art, New York City) is a characteristic work. Others are in the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York City, and in the museums of Chicago, Cleveland, and Philadelphia.
Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957), a Romanian sculptor who settled in France, revolutionized the art of sculpture in the 20th century. His work revealed the beauty of pure form in sculpture, but he endowed it with an organic mystery.Constantin Brancusi was born into a family of poor peasants in the hamlet of Hobita in the province of Oltenia on Feb. 21, 1876. He taught himself to read and write and at the age of 18 entered the School of Arts and Crafts in Craiova and graduated in 1898. He then studied sculpture at the Bucharest Art School until 1902. His Ecorché, or flayed nude, executed in 1902, is such an accurate study of the male anatomy that it is still used at the medical school in Bucharest.
Brancusi enrolled at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1904, where he studied with Antonin Mercié. But Brancusi was drawn to the innovative art of Auguste Rodin, from whom he learned that the purpose of sculpture is not merely the representation of the surface of forms but the evocation of the inner force that produces the surface. He exhibited for the first time in 1906 in Paris, showing a portrait at the Salon organized by the Societé Nationale des Beaux-Arts and three other works at the Salon d'Automne in the same year. In Brancusi's works of 1905-1907, particularly the series Children's Heads, he used Rodin's impressionistic system of modeling, in which the planes bounding the volume are fragmented to suggest the transitory expressions of the physiognomy. Brancusi declined Rodin's invitation to become his studio assistant because he felt it necessary to find his own way without being subjected to the master's over-whelming influence.
The nature of Brancusi's future work, in which he eliminated all that was not essential in order to suggest the primordial sentiment, was foreshadowed in Prayer (1907), a statue of a kneeling woman which concentrates attention on the generalized contour of the body and not analytically on its volume. Step by step he reached a greater degree of simplification, of abstraction of the real element, which was still figurative. The decorative value was obtained by geometrical stringency and skillfully polished surfaces, as in the Wisdom of the Earth (1909) and The Kiss (1910). These works embody his new esthetics, inspired by folklore, which permitted a return to the suggestiveness and naive simplicity of primitive art. He dissected the scheme of folk art, which he took as his model, and retraced the slope back to the path of its formation, to the sentiment that gave it birth.
Brancusi's Parisian studio was crowded with Romanian folk art. He led a simple life, similar to that of the peasants in his native province, which he never forgot, no matter how integrated he was in the French artistic movement. He was very successful and received numerous commissions. To honor the Romanian soldiers of World War I, Brancusi erected a monumental ensemble at Târgu-Jiu near his birthplace, which consists of the Endless Column in steel and the Gate of the Heroes and the Table of Silence with 12 chairs in stone (1937-1938). The structural and decorative elements of the monument were derived from the simple architecture and furniture of the Romanian peasants.
Brancusi died in Paris on March 16, 1957.
The highly personal art of Brancusi cannot be labeled by the terms applied to modern movements, such as surrealism, cubism, abstraction, or futurism. It expresses his profound grasp of the intuitive spirit of creation, which is ingeniously integrated with the major stylistic aspects of modern art.
Constantin Brâncusi (Romanian, 1876-1957)受非西方藝術的啟發，他不再採用傳統的泥塑手法，轉而直接在石材上進行雕刻——他創作的第一版《沉睡的繆斯》（Sleeping Muse）便是以石材製成的。布朗庫西進一步簡化並提煉了造型，透過金屬鑄造工藝對部分作品進行了重塑，使其呈現出精緻細膩的表面質感。
1904年，康斯坦丁·布朗庫西（Constantin Brâncusi）從羅馬尼亞抵達巴黎。他很快就摒棄了當時雕塑大師奧古斯特·羅丹（Auguste Rodin）作品中盛行的戲劇化風格與敘事性細節。受非西方藝術的啟發，他不再採用傳統的泥塑手法，轉而直接在石材上進行雕刻——他創作的第一版《沉睡的繆斯》（Sleeping Muse）便是以石材製成的。布朗庫西進一步簡化並提煉了造型，透過金屬鑄造工藝對部分作品進行了重塑，使其呈現出精緻細膩的表面質感。像這一版《沉睡的繆斯》這樣的雕塑，本身就是自足的、具有原型意義的現代形態。
作品中，那卵形結構在重力作用下呈現出的慵懶感，恰如其分地傳達出沉睡時那種沉甸甸的狀態。 「沉睡的頭部」是布朗庫西最早探索的主題系列之一，他圍繞這一主題持續創作了近二十年。眼前這件青銅作品，是1910年根據他前一年創作的一件大理石雕塑翻鑄而成的（該大理石作品以蕾妮·伊拉娜·弗朗雄男爵夫人為模特兒）。
1904年，康斯坦丁·布朗庫西（Constantin Brâncusi）從羅馬尼亞抵達巴黎。他很快就摒棄了當時雕塑大師奧古斯特·羅丹（Auguste Rodin）作品中盛行的戲劇化風格與敘事性細節。受非西方藝術的啟發，他不再採用傳統的泥塑手法，轉而直接在石材上進行雕刻——他創作的第一版《沉睡的繆斯》（Sleeping Muse）便是以石材製成的。布朗庫西進一步簡化並提煉了造型，透過金屬鑄造工藝對部分作品進行了重塑，使其呈現出精緻細膩的表面質感。像這一版《沉睡的繆斯》這樣的雕塑，本身就是自足的、具有原型意義的現代形態。
作品中，那卵形結構在重力作用下呈現出的慵懶感，恰如其分地傳達出沉睡時那種沉甸甸的狀態。 「沉睡的頭部」是布朗庫西最早探索的主題系列之一，他圍繞這一主題持續創作了近二十年。眼前這件青銅作品，是1910年根據他前一年創作的一件大理石雕塑翻鑄而成的（該大理石作品以蕾妮·伊拉娜·弗朗雄男爵夫人為模特兒）。
公務人員發展中心 公共藝術 針 塔 無線電
Brâncuși, The Endless Column • Monument
A New Hiroshi Sugimoto Sculpture in San Francisco Reaches for Infinity
His sliver of an artwork, “Point of Infinity,” marks the start of the city’s Treasure Island Art Program.
Hiroshi Sugimoto’s sculpture is meant to serve as an anchor — or beacon, given its height — for the area’s new public art program.Credit...Jessica Chou for The New York Times
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