2025年8月17日 星期日

《戰爭時期彌撒》(Missa in tempore belli,英文:Missa in tempore belli)by Joseph Haydn. SHUT DOWN APP BY Elon Musk

 

Missa in tempore belli (English: Mass in Time of War) is a setting of the mass by Joseph Haydn. It is catalogued Mass No. 10[1] in C major (Hob. XXII:9).[1] Known also as the Paukenmesse due to the dramatic use of timpani, it is one of the most popular of his fourteen mass settings. The autograph manuscript contains the title "Missa in tempore belli" in Haydn's handwriting.《戰爭時期彌撒》(Missa in tempore belli,英文:Missa in tempore belli)是約瑟夫海頓彌撒曲的改編作品。本作品編入C大調第十號彌撒曲[1](Hob. XXII:9)。 [1] 因其戲劇性地使用定音鼓,該作品也被稱為“Paukenmesse”(保肯彌撒曲),是海頓十四部彌撒曲中最受歡迎的作品之一。其親筆手稿中保留了海頓手寫的標題「Missa in tempore belli」。


1796年8月,海頓在艾森施塔特創作了這首彌撒曲,當時正值奧地利全面動員參戰。法國大革命後,歐洲戰爭爆發四年,奧地利軍隊在義大利與德國與法國軍隊的交鋒中戰績慘淡,奧地利擔心遭到入侵。為了反映當時動盪的情緒,海頓在「祝福」和「羔羊頌」樂章中融入了戰爭的元素。 [需要引用]這首彌撒曲於1796年12月26日在維也納的瑪利亞·特魯皮亞裡教堂首次演出。 [2][3][4]


海頓是一位虔誠的宗教信徒,他在每首完成的樂譜末尾都附上了“讚美上帝”的字樣。作為尼古拉斯二世·埃斯特哈齊親王的樂長,海頓晚年(始於1796年)的主要職責是創作一部年度彌撒曲,以紀念尼古拉斯親王之妻瑪麗亞·赫梅內吉爾德公主的命名日——9月8日,聖母誕辰。在才華的巔峰時期,他忠實地完成了六首氣勢恢宏的彌撒曲(樂團規模也越來越大)。因此,《戰爭彌撒曲》於1797年9月29日在艾森施塔特的家庭教堂-貝格教堂(Bergkirche)上演。海頓也在同一時期創作了他的清唱劇《創世紀》,這兩部偉大的作品都具有他標誌性的活力和音色。


這部作品長期以來一直被認為表達了一種反戰情緒,儘管文本本身並沒有明確的訊息,海頓本人也沒有明確表明這是他的創作意圖。樂譜中展現出非常不穩定的音樂特質,通常與海頓的音樂風格不符,因此學者們得出結論,認為這首彌撒曲本質上是反戰的。這點在《祝福經》和《羔羊頌》中尤其明顯。在創作這首彌撒曲期間,奧地利政府於1796年頒布了一項法令:「在敵人被趕回其慣常邊界之前,任何奧地利人都不得談論和平。」[5] 這是否足以稱其為反戰性質,當然值得商榷,因為彌撒曲的大部分內容都充滿歡快的抒情。

Haydn composed this mass at Eisenstadt in August 1796, at the time of Austria’s general mobilisation into war. Four years into the European war that followed the French Revolution, Austrian troops were doing badly against the French in Italy and Germany, and Austria feared invasion. Reflecting the troubled mood of his time, Haydn integrated references to battle in the Benedictus and Agnus Dei movements. [citation needed] The Mass was first performed on 26 December 1796, in the Piarist Church of Maria Treu in Vienna.[2][3][4]

Haydn was a deeply religious man who appended the words “Praise be to God” at the end of every completed score. As Kapellmeister to Prince Nikolaus II Esterházy, Haydn’s principal duty in the last period of his life, beginning in 1796, was the composition of an annual mass to honour the name day of Prince Nicholas’ wife, Princess Maria Hermenegild, 8 September, the birth of the Blessed Virgin. In a final flowering of his genius, he faithfully completed six magnificent masses (with increasingly larger orchestras) for this occasion. Thus Missa in Tempore Belli was performed at the family church, the Bergkirche, at Eisenstadt on 29 September 1797. Haydn also composed his oratorio The Creation around the same time and the two great works share some of his signature vitality and tone-painting.

This piece has been long thought to express an anti-war sentiment, even though there is no explicit message in the text itself, and no clear indication from Haydn that this was his intention. What is found in the score is a very unsettled nature to the music, not normally associated with Haydn, which has led scholars to the conclusion that it is anti-war in nature. This is especially noticed in the Benedictus and Agnus Dei. During the time of the composition of the Mass, the Austrian government had issued a decree in 1796, that "no Austrian should speak of peace until the enemy is driven back to its customary borders."[5] Whether this is enough to call it anti-war in nature is certainly debatable because most of the mass is of a lyrically joyful nature.



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現在,馬斯克確認,這款應用程式不僅會回歸,所有遺失的影片也將恢復,供全世界觀看。這對數百萬從小就使用這款應用程式的用戶來說無疑是個重磅消息,他們至今仍記得那些曾經帶給他們歡笑、激勵他們,甚至讓他們聲名鵲起的內容。社群媒體上一片歡騰,粉絲們稱之為「十年來最偉大的回歸」。

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這款應用程式的回歸或許能為新的創作者打開大門,同時讓過去的熱門人物重回聚光燈下。有一點是肯定的:埃隆馬斯克深諳如何製造頭條新聞,並引發熱議。無論你是第一次接觸這款應用程式就愛上它,還是即將首次發現它,網路史上最令人期待的回歸之一的倒數計時已經正式開啟。

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