Wifedom: Mrs. Orwell’s Invisible Life 太太的功勞Eileen O'Shaughnessy (m. 1936; died 1945)奧威爾最大的弱點在於他與女性的互動。《一九八四》是Eileen 的詩作, 撼動世界的《一九八四》的書名乃是向Eileen 致敬。向他致敬。 作者: Funder, Anna《喬治.歐威爾之妻的隱形人生》無論在學術上或純粹的情感上都是傑出的成就。
One Biography Questions Orwell’s Image, and Another Brings His First Wife Into Focus
Sarah Bakewell examines two new books about Mr. and Mrs. Orwell.
George Orwell and Eileen O’Shaughnessy: Orwell’s worst weaknesses concern his dealings with women.Credit...From left: Universal Images Group, via Getty Images; University College London
It was not the first time the book had struck a chord. Released into a Cold War world in 1949, it sold out almost immediately. When the author died in January the following year, he lived on as an adjective, “Orwellian” (meaning everything he warned against), and as a figure of transcendent moral authority. But can anyone, dead or not, live up to such a role? Of course not, and Orwell’s biographers have struggled to find a balance between his thoroughly impressive life’s work and his — to put it gently — oddities and weaknesses.
The worst of the latter concern his dealings with women. He was compulsively unfaithful, and would pounce on female acquaintances who sometimes had to fight him off physically, especially if they found themselves in a forest or heath with him. (Nature, for Orwell, held an erotic charge.) Yet he did not seem to like women much as human beings. He wrote incel-ish, misogynistic rants for male protagonists of his fiction. And even he admitted that he behaved badly to his first wife, Eileen O’Shaughnessy. All of this creates a problem for writers and readers, myself included, who admire Orwell and seek guidance from him in how to think about tyranny and oppression.
「方德是一位勇於打破界線、敢於冒險的作家,過去的著作中結合了回憶錄、事實與想像,引發熱烈迴響……方德竭盡所能要讓人知道,極度的同理心(並不等同於原諒)會讓人一次次在婚姻與傳記寫作中越來越理解對方。」──唐娜.瑞夫肯德(Donna Rifkind),《華爾街日報》(Wall Street Journal)
澳洲知名作家。著有《史塔西之地》(Stasiland)、《我所是的一切》(All That I Am)和《喬治.歐威爾之妻的隱形人生》等國際暢銷書,皆被翻成多種語言在各國出版。此外,她還創作了中篇小說《帶狗的女孩》(The Girl with the Dogs)。她的作品榮獲多項大獎,如《史塔西之地》贏得英國最高榮譽的非虛構文學獎「薩繆爾.約翰遜獎」(Samuel Johnson Prize);《我所是的一切》贏得澳洲最具聲望的文學獎「邁爾斯.富蘭克林獎」(Miles Franklin Award);《喬治.歐威爾之妻的隱形人生》贏得「法國最佳外國書獎」(Prix du Meilleur Livre Étranger)。方德曾接受國際人權律師的訓練,旅居墨爾本、巴黎、柏林和紐約,目前與家人定居於雪梨。
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