2024年12月24日 星期二

Ursula Kroeber Le Guin (1929~2018). Acclaimed for Her Fantasy Fiction .莫耶斯 (Bill Moyers) 就《天堂車床》採訪烏蘇拉·K·勒古恩 (Ursula K. LeGuin)

“Socrates said, “The misuse of language induces evil in the soul.” He wasn’t talking about grammar. To misuse language is to use it the way politicians and advertisers do, for profit, without taking responsibility for what the words mean. Language used as a means to get power or make money goes wrong: it lies. Language used as an end in itself, to sing a poem or tell a story, goes right, goes towards the truth. A writer is a person who cares what words mean, what they say, how they say it. Writers know words are their way towards truth and freedom, and so they use them with care, with thought, with fear, with delight. By using words well they strengthen their souls. Story-tellers and poets spend their lives learning that skill and art of using words well. And their words make the souls of their readers stronger, brighter, deeper.”
~ Ursula K. Le Guin

蘇格拉底說:“語言的濫用會導致靈魂的邪惡。”他說的不是語法。濫用語言就是像政客和廣告商一樣使用語言,以獲得利潤,而不對語言的含義負責。用作獲取權力或賺錢手段的語言是錯誤的:它是謊言。語言本身就是一個目的,用來唱一首詩或講一個故事,是正確的,通往真理。作家是個關心詞語意義、詞語表達內容、表達方式的人。作家們知道文字是他們通往真理和自由的道路,因此他們會小心翼翼、深思熟慮、恐懼、喜悅地使用它們。透過良好地使用語言,他們可以增強自己的靈魂。說故事的人和詩人一生都在學習善用語言的技巧和藝術。他們的文字讓讀者的靈魂變得更堅強、更明亮、更深刻。
~ 烏蘇拉‧K‧勒吉恩

Ursula Kroeber Le Guin was an American novelist. Working mainly in the genres of fantasy and science fiction, she also authored children's books, short stories, poetry, and essays. Wikipedia
DiedJanuary 22, 2018
It is good to have an end to journey toward, but it is the journey that matters in the end.
Love doesn't just sit there, like a stone; it has to be made, like bread, remade all the time, made new.
When you light a candle, you also cast a shadow.




Ursula K. Le Guin, Acclaimed for Her Fantasy Fiction, Is Dead at 88

New York Times



Ursula K Le Guin: The 'fearless' author who showed us a different world

BBC
Ursula K. Le Guin Obituary

Vulture

比爾·莫耶斯
2000 年,比爾·莫耶斯(Bill Moyers) 與作家烏蘇拉·K·勒古恩(Ursula K. Le Guin) 談論了她1971 年出版的書《天堂車床》,該書是PBS 的第一部原創電視電影,於1980 年播出。
在這段訪談片段中,勒吉恩談論了她的寫作生涯,以及為什麼她開始寫男性主角,然後在 1970 年代末轉向關注女性角色。她告訴比爾:
「當我開始寫作時,一個女人做的最簡單的事情,從某種意義上來說,就是成為一個榮譽男人,假裝自己是一個男人,把男人放在故事的中心,這似乎非常重要女孩習慣於假裝自己是男性或女性主角,男孩常常拒絕認同兒童讀物中的女性主角,這種情況似乎會持續到成年,即使這樣,男性也無法讓自己的男子氣概受到損害。這讓我覺得有點悲傷,而且可能沒有必要,因為我認為大多數女人和男人內心都有男人和女人,而且有很多能力。
「當我最終意識到,多虧了女權主義者,......我不得不坐下來說,好吧,我不是一個女人嗎?如果我是一個女人,為什麼我要以男人的身份寫作?這對我來說是一大進步,因為情感上有差異,觀眾也有差異,我知道如果我把女性放在故事的中心,我會失去一些觀眾,我知道我會被指責為尖刻和刻薄。咆哮的女權主義者,我確實是這樣,但這是值得的,因為這讓我更加關注自己的存在——不再假裝自己是男性,或者我認為世界是圍繞著男人轉的——所以我認為這增強了我的自我意識。
勒吉恩週一在俄勒岡州波特蘭的家中去世,享年 88 歲。


比爾·莫耶斯 (Bill Moyers) 就《天堂車床》採訪烏蘇拉·K·勒古恩 (Ursula K. LeGuin)
比爾·莫耶斯 (Bill Moyers) 採訪烏蘇拉·K·勒古恩 (Ursula K. LeGuin),內容涉及…

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10. Powers (2007)

One of six Le Guin Nebula Award winners, Powers is part of the Annals of the Western Shore series for young adults. It follows an enslaved man, Gavir, who escapes after a brutal event, then shows how he uses his special powers to find a better place in the world.

This book is best for those who love careful storytelling, as Le Guin’s direction and details build to a magnificent conclusion. Powers is available from publisher HarperCollins.

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9. The Dispossessed (1974)

This is one of the few novels to win the Hugo, Nebula and Locus awards. It’s part of the Hainish Cycle, a seven-book series about a future where planets are connecting and setting up diplomacy. In Dispossessed, Le Guin plays with chronology in sketching the fate of an anarchist civilization.

This book is best for Hainish Cycle fans or those who enjoy utopian novels. The Dispossessed is available from publisher HarperCollins.

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8. Lavinia (2008)

Le Guin’s final novel finds her still at the top of her game. She reimagines the life of Lavinia, the daughter of a king in Virgil’s Aeneid, who is forced into marriage for political purposes. Le Guin’s sly narration includes Lavinia’s self-awareness that she’s a character in a story who can’t control her destiny.

This book is best for those who have read Virgil or enjoy feminist fables. Lavinia is available from publisher HarperCollins.

7. The Lathe of Heaven (1971)

Also nominated for a Nebula Award, this novel originated as a serialized story in Amazing Stories. It focuses on a man whose dreams have the power to alter reality and what that means for him and those around him. It is set in a future where climate change and war have decimated Earth.

This book is best for those who enjoy philosophical musings on whether we control our own destiny. The Lathe of Heaven is available from publisher Simon & Schuster.

6. Tehanu (1990)

The Earthsea series comprises six books and has sold millions of copies. Tehanu is the fourth volume in the series, written 18 years after the third. It focuses on characters from two earlier books: Tenar (now widowed) and Ged (who can’t understand Tenar’s life choices). The book has a darker style than previous Earthsea novels.

Another Nebula Award winner, this book is best for those looking for a slower-paced fantasy novel with less magic and more character introspection. Tehanu is available from publisher Simon & Schuster.

5. The Word for World Is Forest (1972)

Le Guin’s frustration over the ongoing war in Vietnam sparked this Hainish Cycle book about a group of human colonizers who enslave the peaceful inhabitants of another planet and eventually stage a revolution—but at great cost to their own nonviolent ways. It won the Hugo Award for its anti-colonial message.

This book is best for those who enjoy political allegories. The Word for World is Forest is available from publisher MacMillan.

4. Always Coming Home (1985)

Le Guin ingeniously presents this book as a pseudo-anthropologist’s recording of a future society. The Kesh people live in a world where traditional society has collapsed, and contemporary ethnographer Pandora is trying to catalog differences between their society and her own. It was a runner-up for the National Book Award.

This book is best for those who want a slow, deliberate read with some Native American influence. Always Coming Home is available from publisher HarperCollins.

3. The Other Wind (2002)

Le Guin earned a Nebula Award nomination and the World Fantasy Novel Award for the final novel in the Earthsea series. It follows previously introduced characters Lebannen, Tenar and Tehanu, exploring the theme of reconciliation. The book deftly wraps up strands from other books in the series.

This book is best for those who have already read the earlier books in the series and want to know what happens next. The Other Wind is available from publisher HarperCollins.

2. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969)

The most popular book in the Hainish Cycle, The Left Hand of Darkness established Le Guin as a top science fiction author and was one of her bestselling works. Ai is sent to another planet to convince them to join a confederation, but he struggles to understand their culture, as residents have no fixed sex.

This book is best for anyone interested in exploring gender identity, androgyny or sex and culture. The Left Hand of Darkness is available from publisher Penguin Random House.

1. A Wizard of Earthsea (1968)

Le Guin’s most famous and arguably most influential book, A Wizard of Earthsea kicked off the successful Earthsea Cycle. It follows Ged, a boy with magical talents who accidentally spawns an angry shadow creature during a magical duel. Le Guin subverts tropes by giving Ged dark skin.

This book is best for those who enjoy coming of age tales or children’s novels. A Wizard of Earthsea is available from publisher HarperCollins.

Bottom Line

Whether writing a children’s book about a troubled boy with magical powers or exploring ideas about gender, Le Guin packs powerful themes into her entertaining books. Any is worth picking up to be transported into a different world that will make you think and feel deeply.




Bill Moyers
In 2000, Bill Moyers talked with writer Ursula K. Le Guin about her 1971 book "The Lathe of Heaven" which was PBS' first original made-for-TV movie, broadcast in 1980. The Lathe of Heaven (film) became one of the two highest-rated shows that season on PBS and went on to become the most-requested program in PBS history.
In this clip from the interview, Le Guin talks about her writing career, and why she started out writing about male protagonists and then, in the late 1970s, switched to focus on female characters. She tells Bill:
"When I started writing, the easiest thing for a woman to do, was in a sense, to be an honorary man, to pretend she was a man, to put men at the center of the story, which does seem to be very important to men. Girls are used to pretending to be men or women protagonists. Boys very often refuse to identify with a woman protagonist in kids' books and this seems to go on into adulthood, that men just can't have their masculinity compromised even by pretending to be a heroine for a little while. And this strikes me as kind of sad. And probably not necessary, because I think most women and men have both men and women inside of them, lots of them, and are capable of being much more than they're told they're capable of being."
"When I realized finally, thanks to feminists, that... I sort of had to sit down and say, well, ain't I a woman? And if I'm a woman, why am I writing as a man? And it was a big step for me, because there are differences in sensibility, there are differences in audience. I knew I would lose some audience if I put women at the center of the story. I knew I would get accused of being a shrill and ranting feminist, which I was. But it was worth it because it kind of put me more in the center of my own being — to not pretend that I was male or that I thought the world revolved around men — so I think it strengthened my writing a good deal."
Le Guin died Monday at her home in Portland, Oregon at the age of 88.
Bill Moyers intertview with Ursula K. LeGuin concerning…
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